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主要统计指标解释

1. 地区生产总值 指一个国家(地区)所有常住单位在一定时期内生产活动的最终成果。国内生产总值有三种表现形态，即价值形态、收入形态和产品形态。从价值形态看，它是所有常住单位在一定时期内所生产的全部货物和服务价值超过同期投入的全部非固定资产货物和服务价值的差额，即所有常住单位的增加值之和；从收入形态看，它是所有常住单位在一定时期内所创造并分配给常住单位和非常住单位的初次分配收入之和；从产品形态看，它是最终使用的货物和服务减去进口货物和服务。在实际核算中，国内生产总值的三种表现形态表现为三种计算方法，即生产法、收入法和支出法。三种方法分别从不同的方面反映地区生产总值及其构成。

2. 可比价格 指对不同时期的价值进行对比时，扣除了价格变动的因素，以确切反映物量的变化情况。按可比价格计算的方法有两种：一是直接按产品产量乘不变价格计算；二是用物价指数换算。

3. 不变价格 指以同类产品某年的平均价格作为固定价格，用于计算各年的产品价值。按不变价格计算的产品价值消除了价格变动因素，不同时期对比可以反映生产的发展速度。新中国成立后，随着工农业产品价格水平的变化，国家统计局先后五次制定了全国统一的工业产品不变价格和农业产品不变价格。从1952年到1957年使用1952年工(农)业产品不变价格，从1957年到1970年使用1957年不变价格，从1971年到1980年使用1970年不变价格，从1981年到1990年使用1980年不变价格，从1991年开始使用1990年不变价格。

4. 各个计划时期 各个计划“时期”代表的年份如下：恢复时期为1950-1952年；第一个五年计划时期(简称“一五”时期)为1953-1957年；第二个五年计划时期(简称“二五”时期)为1958-1962年；调整时期为1963-1965年：第三个五年计划时期(简称“三五”时期)为1966-1970年；第四个五年计划时期(简称“四五”时期)为1971-1975年；第五个五年计划时期(简称“五五”时期)为1976-1980年：第六个五年计划时期(简称“六五”时期)为1981-1985年；第七个五年计划时期(简称“七五”时期)为1986-1990年；第八个五年计划时期(简称“八五”时期)为1991-1995年；第九个五年计划时期(简称“九五”时期)为1996-2000年；第十个五年计划时期（简称“十五”时期）从2001-2005年；第十一个五年计划时期（简称“十一五”时期）为2006-2010年；第十二个五年计划时期（简称“十二五”时期）为2011-2015年。

5. 平均增长速度 指某种现象在一个较长时期中逐年增长的平均速度。其计算方法有两种：一是习惯上经常使用的“水平法”，又称几何水平法，是以间隔期最后一年的水平同基期水平对比来计算平均每年增长(或下降)速度；二是“累计法”，又称代数平均法或方程法，是以间隔期内各年水平的总和同基期水平对比来计算平均每年增长(或下降)速度。在一般正常情况下，两种方法计算的数值比较接近，但在经济发展不平衡，出现大起大落时，该两个数值差别较大。

本《年鉴》内所列的平均每年的增长速度，均用“水平法”计算。从某年到某年平均每年增长速度的年份，均不包括基期年在内。如改革开放33年以来的平均每年增长速度是以1978年为基期计算的，则写为1979-2011年平均每年增长速度，其余类推。

6. 企业(单位)登记注册类型 是以在工商行政管理机关登记注册的各类企业为划分对象，以工商行政管理部门对企业登记注册的类型为依据，将企业登记注册类型分为内资企业、港澳台商投资企业和外商投资企业三大类。内资企业包括国有企业、集体企业、股份合作企业、联营企业、有限责任公司、股份有限公司、私营公司和其他企业; 港澳台商投资企业和外商投资企业分别包括合资经营企业、合作经营企业、独资经营企业和股份有限公司。对不在工商行政管理部门进行登记注册的行政机关、事业单位和社会团体，主要按其经费来源和管理方式进行划分。

7. 国有企业 指企业全部资产归国家所有，并按《中华人民共和国企业法人登记管理条例》规定登记注册的非公有制经济组织。不包括有限责任公司中的国有独资公司。

8. 集体企业 指企业资产归集体所有，并按《中华人民共和国企业法人登记管理条例》规定登记注册的经济组织。

9. 股份合作企业 指以合作制为基础，由企业职工共同出资入股，吸收一定比例的社会资产投资组建，实行自主经营，自负盈亏，共同劳动，民主管理，按劳分配与按股分红相结合的一种集体经济组织。

10. 联营企业 指两个及两个以上相同或不同所有制性质的企业法人或事业单位法人，按自愿、平等、互利的原则，共同投资组成的经济组织。联营企业包括国有联营企业、集体联营企业、国有与集体联营企业和其他联营企业。

11. 有限责任公司 指根据《中华人民共和国公司登记管理条例》规定登记注册，由两个以上、五十个以下的股东共同出资，每个股东以其所认缴的出资额对公司承担有限责任，公司以其全部资产对其债务承担责任的经济组织。有限责任公司包括国有独资公司以及其他有限责任公司。

12. 股份有限公司 指根据《中华人民共和国公司登记管理条例》规定登记注册，其全部注册资本由等额股份构成并通过发行股票筹集资本，股东以其认购的股份对公司承担有限责任，公司以其全部资产对其债务承担责任的经济组织。

13. 私营企业 指由自然人投资设立或由自然人控股，以雇佣劳动为基础的营利性经济组织。包括按照《公司法》、《合伙企业法》、《私营企业暂行条例》规定登记注册的私营有限责任公司、私营股份有限公司、私营合伙企业和私营独资企业。

14. 其他企业 指上述企业之外的其他内资经济组织。

15. 港、澳、台投资企业 指港、澳、台地区投资者参照中华人民共和国有关涉外经济的法律、法规，以合资、合作或独资的形式在祖国大陆举办的企业。包括合资经营企业、合作经营企业和独资企业。

16. 外商投资企业 指外国投资者根据中华人民共和国有关涉外经济的法律、法规，以合资、合作或独资的形式在中国大陆境内开办的企业。包括中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业和外资企业。

17. 三次产业 根据社会生产活动历史发展的顺序对产业结构的划分，产品直接取自自然界的部门称为第一产业，对初级产品进行再加工的部门称为第二产业，为生产和消费提供各种服务的部门称为第三产业。它是世界上通用的产业结构分类，但各国的划分不尽一致。我国的三次产业划分是：

第一产业：农林牧渔业(包括农业、林业、畜牧业、渔业和农林牧渔服务业)。

第二产业：工业(包括采掘工业、制造业、自来水、电力、蒸汽、热水、煤气)和建筑业。

第三产业：除第一、第二产业以外的其他各业。

18. 人口数 指一定时点、一定地区范围内的有生命的个人的总和。年度统计的年末人口数是指每年12月31日24时的常住人口数。不包括户籍不在本市的外来人数。

19. 出生率（又称粗出生率） 指在一定时期内(通常为一年)出生的人数与同期平均人数(或期中人数)比率，一般用千分率表示。计算公式：

出生率=年出生人数/年平均人数×1000‰

出生人数是指活产婴儿，即胎儿脱离母体时(不管怀孕月数)，有过呼吸或其他生命现象。

目前出生率的计算，在市级有公安的户籍口径、计生委的常住人口统计口径；国家、省级还有年度人口抽样调查公布口径等。本年鉴用的为公安口径出生数，包括补报往年出生数在内。

年平均人数是年初、年底人口数的平均数，也可用年中人口数代替。

20. 死亡率（又称粗死亡率） 指在一定时期内(通常为一年)一定地区的死亡人数与同期平均人数(或期中人数)之比，一般用千分率表示。计算公式：

死亡率=年死亡人数/年平均人数×1000‰

21. 人口自然增长率 指在一定时期内(通常为一年)人口自然增加数(出生人数减死亡人数)与该时期内平均人数(或期中人数)之比，一般用行千分率表示。计算公式：

人口自然增长率＝(本年出生人数-本年死亡人数)/年平均人数×1000‰

人口自然增长率＝人口出生率一人口死亡率

22. 人口预期寿命 指在一定年龄组死亡率水平下，对某一确定的年龄日后平均还能继续生存的年数(或该年龄组未来的平均预期寿命)。

23. 从业人员 指从事一定社会劳动并取得劳动报酬或经营收入的人员。包括：(1)国有、集体、其他经济类型中的全部在岗职工和其他从业人员；(2)城镇私营及个体劳动者；(3)农村社会劳动者。

各单位的从业人员是指在各级国家机关、政党机关、社会团体及企业、事业单位中工作，取得工资或其他形式的劳动报酬的全部人员。包括：在岗职工、再就业的离退休人员、在各单位中工作的外方人员和港澳台方人员、兼职人员、借用的外单位人员和第二职业者。不包括离开本单位仍保留劳动关系的职工。

24. 职 工 指在内资(国有、集体、股份合作、联营、有限责任公司、股份有限公司)单位、港澳台投资单位和外商投资单位及其附属机构工作，并由其支付工资的在岗人员以及不在岗但劳动关系在本单位的离岗人员。

25. 在岗职工 指在本单位工作并由单位支付工资的人员，以及有工作岗位，但由于学习、病伤产假等原因暂未工作，仍由单位支付工资的人员。

26. 离岗职工 指由于各种原因，已经离开本人的生产或工作岗位，并已不在本单位从事其他工作，但仍与用人单位保留劳动关系的职工。

27. 从业人员工资总额 指各单位在一定时期内直接支付给本单位全部从业人员的劳动报酬总额。包括在岗职工工资总额、劳务派遣人员工资总额和其他从业人员工资总额三部分。

28. 在岗职工工资总额 指各单位在一定时期内直接支付给本单位全部在岗职工的劳动报酬总额。

工资总额的计算原则应以直接支付给职工的全部劳动报酬为根据。各单位支付给职工的劳动报酬以及其他根据有关规定支付的工资，不论是计入成本的还是不计入成本的，不论是按国家规定列入计征奖金税项目的，还是未列入计征奖金税项目的，不论是以货币形式支付的还是以实物形式支付的，均包括在工资总额内。

29. 在岗职工平均工资 指各单位的在岗职工在一定时期内平均每人所得的货币工资额。它表明一定时期内职工工资收入高低程度，是反映职工工资水平的主要指标。计算公式为：

在岗职工平均工资=报告期实际支付的全部在岗职工工资总额/报告期全部在岗职工平均人数

30. 城镇登记失业人员 指在劳动年龄(16周岁至退休年龄)内，有劳动能力，有就业要求，处于无业状态，并在公共就业人才服务机构进行失业登记的城镇人员。

31.居民消费价格指数 居民消费价格，指城乡居民支付生活消费品和服务项目消费的价格，是社会产品和服务项目的最终价格，同人民生活密切相关，在整个国民经济价格体系中具有极为重要的地位。居民消费价格指数，就是指反映一定时期内居民消费价格变动趋势和变动程度的相对数。

32.商品零售价格指数 商品零售价格，指工业、商业、餐饮业和其他零售企业向城乡居民、机关团体出售生活消费品和办公用品的价格。商品零售价格指数，就是指反映一定时期内商品零售价格变动趋势和变动程度的相对数。

33.服务项目价格指数 指居民非商品服务性支出的相对数。服务项目包括：电信费、邮费、交通费、洗理美容费、文娱费、学杂保育费、修理及其他服务费、医疗保险服务费8个大类。

34.城镇居民家庭就业人口 指城镇居民从事社会劳动并取得劳动报酬或经营收入的人口。就业人口包括通过国家统筹规划和指导由劳动部门介绍就业，自愿组织起来就业和自谋职业等方式，在国有单位、集体单位、中外合资、中外合作、外资在华独资的企业事业单位和私营企业单位工作或从事个体劳动的有固定性职业或临时性职业的人口。被聘用或留用的离休人员也记入就业人口。它是反映城镇居民的就业情况，计算就业面、负担系数的资料之一。

35. 城镇居民家庭总收入指调查户中生活在一起的所有家庭成员在调查期得到的工薪收入、经营净收入、财产性收入、转移性收入的总和,不包括出售财物和借贷收入。收入以实际发生数额为准。无论收入是补发还是预发，只要是调查期得到的都应如实计算，不作分摊。

财产性收入指家庭拥有的动产(如银行存款、有价证券)、不动产(如房屋、车辆、土地、收藏品等)所获得的收入。包括出让财产使用权所获得的利息、租金、专利收入；财产营运所获得的红利收入、财产增值收益等。

转移性收入指国家、单位、社会团体对居民家庭的各种转移支付和居民家庭间的收入转移。包括政府对个人收入转移的离退休金、失业救济金、赔偿等；单位对个人收入转移的辞退金、保险索赔、住房公积金、家庭间的赠送和赡养等。

36. 城镇居民家庭可支配收入 指调查户可用于最终消费支出和其他非义务性支出以及储蓄的总和,即居民家庭可用于自由支配的收入。计算公式为：可支配收入＝家庭总收入-交纳个人所得税-个人交纳的社会保障支出-记帐补贴。

37. 家庭总支出 指家庭除借贷支出以外的全部实际支出。包括消费性支出、购房建房支出、转移性支出、财产性支出、社会保障支出。支出统计是以实际购得的商品或服务的总价值填报，不论其付款方式是一次性付清、分期付款，还是赊购，只要商品或服务已被消费就要按其总价值计量。如果采用分期付款或赊购形式，则要在借贷收入类相应的项目填入实付款与总的应付款的差额。

38. 城镇居民家庭消费支出 指被调查的城镇居民家庭用于日常生活的全部支出，包括食品、衣着、家庭设备用品及服务、医疗保健、交通和通信、教育文化娱乐服务、居住、杂项商品和服务八大类。包括用于赠送的商品或服务。

39. 农村居民家庭纯收入 指农村常住居民家庭总收入中，扣除从事生产和非生产经营费用支出、缴纳税款和上交承包集体任务金额以后剩余的，可直接用于进行生产性、非生产性建设投资、生活消费和积蓄的那一部分收入。它是反映农民家庭实际收入水平的综合性主要指标。农民家庭纯收入，既包括从事生产性和非生产性的经营收入，又包括取自在外人口寄回带回和国家财政救济、各种补贴等非经营性收入，还包括自产自用的实物收入。但不包括向银行、信用社和向亲友借款等属于借贷性的收入。

40. 农村居民家庭整半劳动力 指农村常住居民家庭成员中有劳动能力并经常参加实际劳动的人员。是生产的基本要素指标之一，是发展生产增加农民家庭收入的重要源泉。按规定，农村男18周岁至50周岁、女18周岁至45周岁为整劳动力；男16周岁到17周岁、51周岁到60周岁，女16周岁到17周岁、46周岁至55周岁为半劳动力。农民家庭整半劳动力，既包括在上述规定劳动年龄内和劳动年龄以外有劳动能力并经常参加实际劳动的男女整半劳动力，也包括农民家庭常住人员中属于职工的劳动力。但不包括在劳动年龄内已丧失劳动能力的人员。

41. 农村居民家庭生活消费支出 指农村常住居民家庭年内用于日常生活的全部开支。它是用来反映和研究农民家庭实际生活消费水平高低的重要指标。包括用于吃、穿、住、烧、用等生活消费品开支和文化、生活服务费用开支两大部分。

42. 全社会固定资产投资 固定资产投资是社会固定资产再生产的主要手段。固定资产投资额是以货币表现的建造和购置固定资产活动的工作量，它是反映固定资产投资规模、速度、比例关系和使用方向的综合性指标。全社会固定资产投资包括各种经济类型的投资，其投资总额分为：城镇投资、房地产开发投资、农村投资。

43. 房地产开发投资 指各种登记注册类型的房地产开发公司、商品房建设公司及其他房地产开发单位统一开发的包括统代建、拆迁还建的住宅、厂房、仓库、饭店、宾馆、度假村、写字楼、办公楼等房屋建筑物和配套的服务设施、土地开发工程(如道路、给水、排水、供电、供热、通讯、平整场地等基础设施工程)的投资。还包括非房地产企业实际从事房地产开发或经营活动，不包括单纯的土地交易活动。

44. 固定资产投资的资金来源 根据固定资产投资的资金来源不同，分为上年末结余资金、本年资金来源。其中本年资金来源又分为国家预算内资金、国内贷款、债券、利用外资、自筹资金和其他资金来源6种。

45. 固定资产投资按构成分 固定资产投资活动按其工作内容和实现方式分为建筑工程，安装工程，设备、工具、器具购置，其他费用4个部分。

46. 新增固定资产 指通过投资活动所形成的新的固定资产价值。包括已经建成投入生产或交付使用的工程价值和达到固定资产标准的设备、工具、器具的价值及有关应摊入的费用。它是以价值形式表示的固定资产投资成果的综合性指标，可以综合反映不同时期、不同部门、不同地区的固定资产投资成果。

47. 固定资产交付使用率 指在一定时期所增固定资产与同期完成投资额的比率。它是反映各个时期固定资产动用速度，衡量建设过程中投资改革的一个综合性指标。

48. 施工项目 指报告期内曾进行建筑或安装工程施工活动的建设项目。包括报告期内新开工项目、报告期以前开工跨入报告期继续施工的项目以及报告期施过工并在报告期内全部建成投产或停缓建的项目。

49. 全部建成投产项目 工业项目是指设计文件规定形成生产能力的主体工程及其相应配套的辅助设施全部建成，经负荷试运转，证明具备生产设计规定合格产品的条件，并经过验收鉴定合格或达到竣工验收标准，与生产性工程配套的生产福利设施可以满足近期正常生产的需要，正式移交生产的建设项目。非工业项目是指设计文件规定的主体工程和相应的配套工程全部建成，能够发挥设计规定的全部效益，经验收鉴定合格或达到竣工验收标准，正式移交使用的建设项目。

50. 房屋建筑面积 指从房屋外墙线算起的各层平面面积的总和，包括房屋结构(如柱、墙)占用的面积和地下室面积。多层建筑按各自然层面积总和计算，包括房屋内的楼隔层、突出墙面的眺望间、门斗、有柱雨罩的面积。不包括突出墙面结构的构件、艺术装饰等所占的面积，如台阶等。凹阳台，挑阳台按其水平投影面积一半计算建筑面积。

51. 房屋施工面积 指在报告期内施工的全部房屋(包括地下室、半地下室以及配套房屋)建筑面积。包括本期新开工的面积和上年开工跨入本期继续施工的房屋面积，以及上期已停建在本期恢复施工的房屋面积。本期竣工和本期施工后又停建缓建的房屋面积仍包括在施工面积中，多层建筑应填各层建筑面积之和。

52. 房屋竣工面积 指在报告期内房屋建筑按照设计要求已全部完工，达到住人和使用条件，经验收鉴定合格或达到竣工验收标准，可正式移交使用的各栋房屋建筑面积的总和。

53. 住宅面积 指施工和竣工房屋建筑面积中供居住用的施工房屋建筑面积。

54. 农林牧渔业总产值 是以货币表现的农、林、牧、渔业全部产品的总量和对农林牧渔业生产活动进行的各种支持性服务活动的价值。它反映一定时期内农林牧渔业生产的总规模和总成果。农、林、牧、渔业的统计范围是：

(1)农业 包括农作物种植业和其他农业。

农作物种植业包括谷物、豆类、薯类、棉花、油料、糖料、麻类、烟叶、蔬菜、药材、瓜类和其他农作物的种植以及茶园、桑园、果园的生产经营。

其他农业包括采集野生植物的果实、纤维、树胶、树脂、油料以及柴草、野生药材、菌类等及农民家庭兼营的商品性工业。

(2)林业 包括林木的栽培(不包括茶园、桑园和果园的栽培、管理和收获等活动)、林产品的采集和村及村以下合作经济组织和农户的竹木采伐。

(3)牧业 包括除渔业养殖以外的一切动物饲养和放牧以及野生动物的捕猎和饲养。

(4)渔业 包括水生动物和海藻类植物的养殖和捕捞。

(5)农林牧渔服务业 包括灌溉服务、农产品初级加工服务、其他农业服务、林业服务、兽医服务、其他畜牧服务、渔业服务业等。

55. 粮食产量 指全社会的粮食产量。包括国有经济经营的、集体统一经营的和农民家庭经营的粮食产量，还包括工矿企业家属办的农场和其他生产单位的产量。（粮食除包括稻谷、小麦、玉米、高梁、谷子及其他杂粮外，还包括薯类和豆类）。1989年以前全国粮食产量数据主要靠全面报表取得，1989年开始使用抽样调查数据。

56. 油料产量 指全部油料作物的生产量。包括花生、油菜籽、芝麻、向日葵籽、胡麻籽(亚麻籽)和其他油料。不包括大豆，也不包括木本油料和野生油料。花生以带壳干花生计算。

57. 水产品产量 指人工养殖的水产品和天然生长的水产品捕捞量，包括海水的鱼类、虾蟹类、贝类和藻类以及内陆水域的鱼类、虾蟹类和贝类，不包括淡水生植物。

58. 猪、牛、羊肉产量 指当年出栏并已屠宰后除去头蹄下水后带骨肉的重量(即胴体重)。

59. 耕地面积 指可以用来种植农作物、经常进行耕锄的田地，除包括熟地、当年新开荒地、连续撂荒未满三年的耕地和当年的休闲地(轮歇地)外，还包括以种植农作物为主并附带种植桑树、茶树、果树和其他林木的土地，以及沿海、沿湖地区已围垦利用的“海涂”、“湖田”等面积。但不包括属于专业性的桑园、茶园、果园、果木苗圃、林地、芦苇地、天然或人工草地面积。

60. 农作物播种面积 指实际播种或移植有农作物的面积。凡是实际种植有农作物的面积，不论种植在耕地上还是种植在非耕地上，均包括在农作物播种面积中，同时还包括因遭灾而重新改种和补种的农作物面积。目前，农作物播种面积主要包括粮食、油料、棉花、麻类、糖料、烟叶、药材、蔬菜、瓜类和其他农作物等十大类。

61. 有效灌溉面积 指具有一定的水源，地块比较平稳，灌溉工程或设备已经配套，在一般年景下当年能够进行正常灌溉耕地面积。在一般情况下，该面积应等于灌溉工程或设备已经配套，能够进行正常灌溉的水田和水源地面积之和。

62. 农用化肥使用量 指本年内实际用于农业生产的化肥数量，包括氮肥、磷肥、钾肥和复合肥。并要求按折纯量计算数量。折纯量指氮肥、磷肥、钾肥分别按氮、五氧化二磷、钾的100%成分进行折纯后的数量，复合肥按其所含主要成分折算的。

63. 农业机械总动力 指主要用于农、林、牧、渔业的各种动力机械的动力总和。包括耕作机械、排灌机械、收获机械、农产品加工机械、运输机械、植物保护机械、牧业机械、林业机械、渔业机械和其他农业机械[内燃机按引擎马力折成瓦(特)计算，电动机按功率折成瓦(特)计算]。不包括专门用于乡、镇、村、组办工业、基本建设、非农业运输、科学试验和教学等非农业生产方面用的动力机械与作业机械。但从事农副产品初级加工的村户工业的机械动力统计在内。

64. 期初（末）畜禽存栏数 指本期期初(末)农村各种合作经济组织和国营农场、农民个人、机关、团体、学校、工矿企业、部队等单位以及城镇居民饲养的大牲畜、猪、羊、家禽等畜禽的存栏数。从1997年起，猪及家禽调查方法，由全面调查改为抽样调查。

65. 工 业 指从事自然资源的开采，对采掘品和农产品进行加工和再加工的物质生产部门。具体包括：(1)对自然资源的开采，如采矿、晒盐、森林采伐等(但不包括禽兽捕猎和水产捕捞)；(2)对农副产品的加工、再加工，如粮油加工、食品加工、轧花、缫丝、纺织、制革等；(3)对采掘品的加工、再加工，如炼铁、炼钢、化工生产、石油加工、机器制造、木材加工等，以及电力、自来水、煤气的生产和供应等；(4)对工业品的修理、翻新，如机器设备的修理、交通运输工具(包括小卧车)的修理等。

66. 轻工业 指主要提供生活消费品和制作手工工具的工业。另一定义为：指生产消费资料的工业。包括：(1)以农产品为原料的。如棉、毛、麻、丝的纺织及缝纫，皮革及其制品，纸浆及造纸，食品制造等工业；(2)以非农产品为原料的。如日用金属、日用化工、日用玻璃、日用陶瓷、化学纤维及其织品、火柴、生活用木制品等工业。轻工业产品大部分是生产消费品，一部分作为原料和半成品用于生产，如化学纤维、工业用布、纸张、盐等。

67. 重工业 指为国民经济各部门提供物质技术基础的主要生产资料的工业。按其生产性质和产品用途，可以分为下列三类：(1)采掘（伐）工业，是指对自然资源的开采，包括石油开采、煤炭开采、金属矿开采、非金属矿开采和木材采伐等工业；(2)原材料工业，是指向国民经济各部门提供基本材料、动力和燃料的工业。包括金属冶炼及加工、炼焦及焦炭化学、化工原料、水泥、人造板以及电力、石油和煤炭加工等工业；(3)加工工业，是指对工业原材料进行再加工制造的工业。包括装备国民经济各部门的机械设备制造工业、金属结构、水泥制品等工业，以及为农业提供的生产资料如化肥、农药等工业。

根据上述划分原则，修理业中以重工业产品为修理作业对象的划为重工业，反之划为轻工业。

68. 工业总产值 指工业企业在报告期内生产的以货币形式表现的工业最终产品和提供工业劳务活动的总价值量。包括：生产的成品价值、对外加工费收入、自制半成品在制品期末期初差额价值。

69. 工业销售产值 指以货币表现的工业企业在一定时期内销售的本企业生产的工业产品总量。包括已销售的成品、半成品价值，对外提供的工业性作业价值和对本单位基本建设部门、生活福利部门等提供的产品和工业性作业及自制设备的价值。已销售的成品、半成品不论是本期生产的、还是上期生产的，只要是本期销售出去的均包括在内。对外提供的工业性作业是指企业按合同对外提供的工业性劳务。企业为本单位基本建设部门、生活福利部门等提供的产品和工业性作业及自制设备也应视同销售，这部分也作为销售统计。

工业销售产值的计算范围、计算价格和计算方法与工业总产值一致，但两者计算的基础不同；工业销售产值计算的基础是产品销售总量，工业总产值计算的基础是工业产品生产总量。

70. 应收账款 指企业因销售商品、提供劳务等经营活动，应向购货单位或接受劳务单位收取的款项，主要包括企业销售商品或提供劳务等应向有关债务人收取的价款及代购货单位垫付的包装费、运杂费等。

71. 实收资本 指企业各投资者实际投入的资本（或股本）总额，包括货币、实物、无形资产等各种形式的投入。按投资主体可分为国家资本、集体资本、法人资本、个人资本、港澳台资本和外商资本。

72. 资产总计 指企业过去的交易或者事项形成的、由企业拥有或者控制的、预期会给企业带来经济利益的资源。

73. 流动资产合计 资产满足以下条件之一应归为流动资产：(1)预计在一个正常营业周期中变现、出售或耗用，主要包括存货、应收账款等；(2)主要为交易目的而持有；(3)预计在资产负债表日起一年内（含一年）变现；(4)自资产负债日起一年内，交换其他资产或清偿负债的能力不受限制的现金或现金等价物。

74. 固定资产合计 指企业为生产商品、提供劳务、出租或经营管理而持有的，使用寿命超过一个会计年度的有形资产。

75. 固定资产原价 指固定资产的成本，包括企业在购置、自行建造、安装、改建、扩建、技术改造某项固定资产时所发生的全部支出总额。

76. 累计折旧 指企业在报告期末提取的历年固定资产折旧累计数。

77. 本年折旧 指企业在报告期内提取的固定资产折旧合计数。根据会计“财务状况变动表”中“固定资产折旧”项的数值填报。

78. 负债合计 指企业过去的交易或者事项形成的，预期会导致经济利益流出企业的现时义务。负债一般按偿还期长短分为流动负债和非流动负债。

79. 流动负债合计 负债满足下列条件之一的应归为流动负债：(1)预计在一个正常营业周期中清偿；(2)主要为交易目的而持有；(3)自资产负债表日起一年内到期应予清偿；(4)企业无权自主地将清偿推迟至资产负债表日后一年以上。包括短期借款、应付票据、应付账款、应付职工薪酬、应交税费等项目。

80. 非流动负债 指流动负债之外的负债。包括长期借款、应付债券等。根据会计“资产负债表”中“非流动负债合计”项目的期末余额数填报。

81. 所有者权益合计 指企业资产扣除负债后由所有者享有的剩余权益。公司的所有者权益又称股东权益。包括实收资本、资本公积、盈余公积、未分配利润等。

82. 主营业务收入 指企业确认的销售商品、提供劳务等主营业务的收入。

83. 主营业务税金及附加 指企业经营主要业务应负担的营业税、消费税、城市维护建设税、教育费附加等。

84. 利税总额 指企业产品销售税金及附加、应交增值税和利润总额之和。

85. 工业成本费用利润率 该指标反映工业投入的生产成本及费用的经济效益，同时也反映企业降低成本所取得的经济效益。计算公式为：

工业成本费用利润率=利润总额/成本费用总额

86. 工业产品销售率 该指标反映工业产品已实现销售的程度，是分析工业产销衔接情况、研究工业产品满足社会需求的指标。计算公式为：

工业产品销售率＝(现价工业销售产值/现价工业总产值) ×100%

87. 建筑业总产值是以货币表现的建筑业企业在一定时期内生产的建筑业产品和服务的总和。建筑业总产值包括三部份内容：

①建筑工程产值：指列入建筑工程预算内的各种工程价值。

②设备安装工程产值：指设备安装工程价值。

③其他产值：指房屋构筑物修理产值、非标准设备制造产值、总包企业向分包企业收取的管理费以及不能明确划分的施工活动所完成的产值。

88.竣工产值 一般是以单位工程为对象,当该工程按照设计所规定的工程内容全部完成,达到了设计规定的交工条件,经有关部门检查验收鉴定合格的单位工程价值工程,即为竣工产值。竣工产值包括范围应是报告期内竣工单位工程从开工到竣工的全部自行完成的价值，如果一个单位工程跨两个年度施工,其竣工价值应当包括上年度完成的价值。有些大型单位工程，如大型厂房、高级宾馆、各种管道、公路、铁路等，能够分跨、分层、分段施工并按合同规定，能够分开交付使用的，可以分开计算竣工产值。竣工产值不包括附属辅助企业或内部核算的其他单位为外单位生产和服务的价值。

89.房屋建筑施工面积 指报告期内施过工的全部房屋建筑面积，它包括本期新开工的面积、上期跨入本期继续施工的房屋面积、上期停缓建在本期恢复工的房屋面积、本期竣工的房屋面积以及本期施工后又停缓建的房屋面积。

90.房屋建筑竣工面积 指在报告期内房屋建筑按照设计要求已全部完工，达到了使用条件，经检查验收鉴定合格的房屋建筑面积。计算房屋竣工面积，必须严格执行房屋竣工验收标准。对民用建筑来讲，一般应按设计要求在土建工程和房屋本身附属的水、卫、气、暖等工程已经完工，通风、电梯等设备已安装完毕，做到水通、灯亮、经验收鉴定合格，并正式交付使用单位后，才能计算竣工面积。对于工业及科研单位等生产性房屋建筑：一般应按设计要求在土建工程(包括水、暖、电、卫、通风)及属于房屋组成部分的生活间、操作间等已经完成，经验收合格后才计算竣工面积。只差安装工艺设备、管线工程的亦可以计算竣工面积。

91. 自有机械设备年底总台数 指归本企业(或单位)所有，属于本企业固定资产的生产性机械设备年末总台数。包括施工机械、生产设备、运输设备以及其他设备。

92. 自有施工机械设备年底总功率 指本企业(或单位)自有施工机械、生产设备、运输设备以及其他设备等列为在册固定资产的生产性机械设备年末总功率，按设定能力或查定能力计算。包括机械本身的动力和为该机械服务的单独动力设备，如电动机等。计量单位用千瓦，动力换算可按 l马力＝0.735千瓦折合成千瓦数。电焊机、变压器、锅炉不计算动力。

93. 工程结算收入 指企业(或单位)按承包工程实现的工程价款结算收入，以及向发包单位收取的除工程价款以外的按规定列作营业收入的各种款项，如临时设施费、劳动保险费、施工机械调迁费等以及向发包单位收取的各种索赔款。

94. 工程结算利润 指已结算工程实现的利润。如为亏损以“-”号表示。其计算公式为：

工程结算利润＝工程结算收入-工程结算成本-工程结算税金及附加。

95. 公路里程 指在一定时期内实际达到《公路工程技术标准JTJ0l─88》规定的等级公路，并经公路主管部门正式验收交付使用的公路里程数。其计算单位为：KM。它包括大中城市的郊区公路以及通过小城镇街道部分的公路里程，也包括桥梁、渡口的长度，但不包括大中城市的街道、厂矿、林区生产用道和农业生产用道的里程。两条或多条公路共同经由同一路段，只计算一次，不得重复计算里程长度。公路里程是反映公路建设发展规模的重要指标，也是计算运输网密度等指标的基础资料。

96. 内河航道里程也称“内河通航里程”，是反映内河水运网规模、水平和发展情况的主要指标，是指在一定时期内，能通航运输船舶及排筏的天然河流、湖泊水库、运河及通航渠道的长度。包括全年季节性通航累计三个月以上的航道，但不包括仅供零散流放竹、木排的河道。

97. 货(客)运量 指在一定时期内，各运输部门实际运送的货物(旅客)数量。是反映运输业为国民经济和人民生活服务的数量指标，也是制定和检查运输生产计划，研究运输发展规模和速度的重要指标。货运按吨计算，客运按人计算。货物不论运输距离长短，货物类别，均按实际重量统计；旅客不论行程远近或票价多少，均按一人一次作为客运量统计。半价票、小孩票也按一人统计。

98. 货物(旅客)周转量 指在一定时期内，由各种运输工具运送的货物(旅客)数量与其相应运输距离的乘积之总和，是反映运输业生产总成果的重要指标，也是编制和检查运输生产计划，计算运输效率、劳动生产率以及核算运输单位成本的主要基础资料。通常以吨公里和人公里为计算单位。计算货物周转量通常按发出站与到达站之间的最短距离，也就是计费距离计算。

99. 邮电业务总量 指以价值量形式表现的邮电通信企业为社会提供各类邮电通信服务的总数量。邮电业务量按专业分类包括函件、包件、汇票、报刊发行、邮政快件、特快专递、集邮、固定电话、出租电路、移动电话、分组交换数据通信、出租代维等。计算方法为各类产品乘以相应的平均单价(不变价）之和，再加上出租电路和设备、代用户维护电话交换机和线路等的服务收入。

100. 移动电话用户 是指通过移动电话交换机进入移动电话网、占用移动电话号码的电话用户。用户数量以报告期末在移动电话营业部门实际办理登记手续进入移动电话网的户数进行计算，一部移动电话统计为一户。

101. 英特网用户数 指办理登记手续且已接入国际互联网的用户数，包括局域网、城域网和广域网，包括拨号上网用户和专线上网用户。

102. 社会消费品零售总额 指各种经济类型的批发零售贸易业、住宿餐饮业和其他行业对城乡居民和社会集团的消费品零售额总和。这个指标反映通过各种商品流通渠道向居民和社会集团供应的生活消费品来满足他们生活需要，是研究人民生活、社会消费品购买力、货币流通等问题的重要指标。

103. 批发零售贸易业 指不直接从事商品的生产，而是从工农业生产者或从商品流通企业购进商品，不做任何加工，或只做简单的加工（如清洗、整理、分类、包装等），通过转卖以获取经济利益的单位。

104.住宿业 指有偿为顾客提供临时住宿的服务活动。

105. 餐饮业 指在一定的场所内，以烹饪、调制等手段，向购买者提供各种主要供现场消费的食品、饮料，并且所提供的这种服务要大于所提供的其他服务(如娱乐)的单位。

106. 限额以上批发企业 指年主营业务收入在2000万元及以上的批发贸易企业。

107. 限额以上零售企业 指年主营业务收入在500万元及以上的零售企业。

108. 限额以上餐饮企业 指年主营业务收入在200万元及以上的餐饮企业。

109. 商品销售总额 指对本企业以外的单位和个人出售的商品（包括售给本单位消费用的商品）金额。这个指标反映批发零售贸易企业在国内市场上销售商品以及出口商品的总量。包括：(1)售给城乡居民和社会集团消费的商品；(2)售给工业、农业等各行业作为生产、经营使用的商品；(3)售给批发零售贸易业作为转卖或加工后转卖的商品；(4)对国（境）外直接出口的商品。

110. 商品交易市场成交额 指在消费品市场与生产资料市场买卖双方(包括农民、非农业居民、机关、团体、工商企业、个体商贩)成交的全部商品金额，是反映商品交易市场规模的综合性指标。

111. 私营企业注册资本 指私营企业办理开业登记，或变更登记时核准的资金数，不包括银行贷款。

112. 个体工商业户数 指已经领取《营业执照》或《临时营业执照》的个体工商户的数量。

113. 个体工商业从业人员 指经过工商行政管理部门核准的、参加经营活动并领取报酬的所有人员，包括个体经营者本人、帮手、学徒等。

114. 个体工商业注册资金 指申请登记或变更登记时核准的资金。

115. 利用外资 指我国各级政府、部门、企业和其他经济组织通过对外借款、吸收外商直接投资以及用其他方式筹措的境外现汇、设备、技术等。

116. 外商直接投资 是指外国企业和经济组织或个人(包括华侨、港澳台胞以及我国在境外注册的企业)按我国有关政策、法规，用现汇、实物、技术等在中国大陆开办外商独资企业、与中国大陆的企业或经济组织共同举办中外合资经营企业、合作经营企业或者合作开发资源的投资(包括外商投资收益的再投资)以及经政府有关部门批准的项目投资总额内，企业从境外借入的资金。

117. 对外承包工程 包括各对外承包公司以招标议标承包方式承揽的下列业务(1)承包国外工程建设项目。(2)承包我国对外经援项目。(3)承包我国驻外机构的工程建设项目。(4)与外国承包公司合营或联合承包工程项目时我国公司分包部分。(5)以服务成果向业主收费的技术服务项目(包括承担地形地貌测绘；地质资源勘探与普查；建设区域规划；提供设计文件、图纸、生产工艺技术资料和工程技术经济咨询；工程项目的可行性考察、研究和评估；进行技术指导和培训人员等)。(6)对外承包兼营的房屋开发业务。对外承包工程的营业额是以货币表现的本期内完成的对外承包工程的工作量，包括以前年度签订的合同和本年度新签订的合同在报告期完成的工作量。

118. 对外劳务合作 指以收取工资的形式向业主或承包商提供技术和劳动服务的活动。我国对外承包公司在境外开办的合营企业，中国公司同时又提供劳务的，其劳务部分也纳入劳务合作统计。劳务合作营业额按报告期内向雇主提交的结算数(包括工资、加班费和奖金等)统计。

119. 国际旅游人数 指来中国大陆参观、访问、旅行、探亲、访友、休养、考察、参加会议和从事经济、科技、文化、教育、体育、宗教等活动的外国人、华侨、港澳和台湾同胞的人数。不包括外国在我国的常驻机构，如使领馆、通讯社、企业办事处的工作人员；来我国常住的外国专家、留学生以及在岸逗留不过夜人员。

120. 全社会用电量 指全年用电的总量，按用户的用电性质分为：“农村用电”、工业用电”、“交通运输用电”和“城乡居民生活用电”等，各类用电中均包括电力企业售给本市用户的电量、自备电厂自发自用电量(包括余热发电量)和自备电厂售给附近用户的电量以及趸售电量。

121. 工业企业能源消费量 指工业企业在生产过程中作为燃料、原材料、动力、辅助材料使用的能源、工艺用能及非生产用能。

122. 财政总收入 指国家财政参与社会产品分配所取得的收入，包括一般预算收入和基金预算收入。一般预算收入主要包括：

（1）各项税收，包括增值税、消费税、营业税、企业所得税、个人所得税、资源税、固定资产投资方向调节税、城市维护建设税、房产税、印花税、土地增值税、城镇土地使用税、关税、契税和耕地占用税等。

（2）行政性收费收入，指按规定纳入预算管理的行政性收费收入。

（3）专项收入，包括排污费收入、水资源费收入、教育费附加收入等。

（4）其他收入，包括基本建设贷款归还收入、基本建设收入、捐赠收入等。基金预算收入主要包括工业交通部门基金收入、社会保险基金收入、土地有偿使用收入、政府住房基金收入等。

123. 财政支出 指国家财政将筹集起来的资金进行分配使用的数额。以满足经济建设和各项事业的需要，主要包括：

（1）一般公共服务：反映政府提供一般公共服务的支出。

（2）国防：反映政府用于现役部队、国防后备力量、国防动员等方面的支出。

（3）公共安全：反映政府维护社会公共安全方面的支出。

（4）教育：反映政府教育事务支出。

（5）科学技术：反映用于科学技术方面的支出。

（6）文化体育与传媒：反映政府在文化、文物、体育、广播影视、新闻出版等方面的支出。

（7）社会保障和就业：反映政府在社会保障与就业方面的支出。

（8）医疗卫生：反映政府医疗卫生方面的支出。

（9）环境保护：反映政府环境保护支出。

（10）城乡社区事务：反映政府城乡社区事务支出。

（11）农林水事务：反映政府农林水事务支出。

（12）交通运输：反映政府交通运输方面的支出。

（13）工业商业金融等事务：反映政府工业、商业、金融等事务支出。

（14）其他支出：反映不能划分到上述功能科目的其他政府支出。

124. 中央财政收入和地方财政收入 指按财政体制划分的中央本级收入和地方本级收入。1994年税制及财政体制改革以后，属于中央财政的收入包括关税，消费税，海关代征的进口货物增值税，铁路运输企业、国有银行、国有邮政企业所得税，铁道营业税，金融保险营业税(中央)，海洋石油资源税，车辆购置税(费)等；属于地方一般预算的收入包括一般营业税，固定资产投资方向调节税，房产税，城镇土地使用税，土地增值税，车船使用税，屠宰税，耕地占用税，契税等；属于中央和地方共享的收入主要有：增值税，企业所得税，城市维护建设税，个人所得税，印花税等。需要指出的是，由于近几年来中央收入和地方收入的分配方式、比例发生了较大的调整，因此，历年的数据不完全可比。

125. 存 款 指企业、机关、团体或居民根据可以收回的原则，把货币资金存入银行或其他信用机构保管并取得一定利息的一种信用活动形式。根据存款对象的不同可划分为企业存款、财政存款、机关团体存款、基本建设存款、城镇储蓄存款、农村存款等项目。它是银行信贷资金的主要来源。

126. 城乡储蓄存款余额 城乡储蓄存款，包括城镇居民储蓄存款和农民个人储蓄存款两部分，不包括居民的手存现金和工矿企业、部队、机关团体等集团存款。城乡居民储蓄存款余额指城乡居民存入银行及农村信用社储蓄的时点数(存入数扣除取出数的余额)，如月末、季末或年末数额。

127. 贷 款 指银行或其他信用机构根据必须归还的原则，按一定利率，为企业、个人等提供资金的一种信用活动形式。我国银行贷款，分流动资金贷款、固定资产贷款、城乡个体工商户贷款以及农户贷款等科目。

128. 承保额（保险金额） 指保险人对被保险人负担损失补偿或约定给付的金额。它是保险合同上的最高责任额，也是计算保费的依据。

129. 保费（保险费） 指保险人根据保险合同的有关规定，为被保险人取得因约定危险事故发生所造成的经济损失补偿(或给付)权利，付给保险人的代价。

130. 保险赔款 指保险事故发生后，经查证确属保险责任范围以内的保险标的损失，保险人根据保险合同的规定履行赔偿义务，给予被保险人的款项。

131. 景气指数 亦称景气度，是对企业景气调查中的定性指标通过定量方法加工汇总，综合反映某一特定调查群体或某一社会经济现象所处的状态或发展趋势的一种指标，景气指数的数值介于0和200之间，100为景气指数的临界值。当景气指数大于100时，表明经济状况趋于上升或改善，处于景气状态，越接近200状态越好;当景气指数小于100时，表明经济状况趋于下降或恶化，处于不景气状态，越接近0状态越差。

132. 企业景气指数 亦称企业综合生产经营景气指数，是根据企业家对本企业综合生产经营情况的判断与预期(通常为对“好”、“一般”、“不佳”的选择)而编制的景气指数，用以综合反映企业的生产经营状况。

133. 企业家信心指数 亦称宏观经济景气指数，是根据企业家对企业对外部市场经济环境与宏观政策的认识、看法、判断与预期(通常为对“乐观”、“一般”、“不乐观”的选择)而编制的指数，用以综合反映企业家对宏观经济环境的感受与信心。

134. 年底实有铺装道路长度 指除土路外，路面经过铺装宽度在3.5米以上的道路，包括高级、次高级道路和普通道路。

135. 城市桥梁 指城市范围内，修建在河道上的桥梁和道路与道路立交、道路跨越铁路的立交桥，以及人行天桥。包括永久性桥和半永久性桥，不包括临时性桥、铁路桥、涵洞。

136. 城市下水道总长度 指所有排水总管、干管、支管及暗渠、检查井、连接井进出水口等长度之和。

137. 城市污水日处理能力 指污水处理厂每昼夜处理污水量的设计能力。

138. 城市园林绿地面积 指城市公共绿地、专用绿地、生产绿地、防护绿地、郊区风景名胜区的全部面积。

139. 公园绿地 指城市中向公众开放的、以游憩为主要功能，有一定的游憩设施和服务设施，同时兼有健全生态、美化景观、防灾减灾等综合作用的绿化用地。

140. 年底自来水生产能力 指年底城建部门管理的自来水厂和自备水源的社会单位取水、净化、送水、出厂输水干管等环节的实际生产能力。

141. 年底实有公共汽车 指年底可参加营运的全部车辆数，包括年底营运车辆和库存查封未参加营运的车辆，不包括非营运车辆，如架线车、油罐车、工程车、货车及其他专用车辆和借入的客运车辆。

142. 营运线路长度 指设置的固定营运的线路长度，包括郊区营运线路长度。不包括临时行驶的线路长度。

143. 年底供水管道长度 指从送水泵到用户水表之间所有管道的长度。

144. 全年供水总量 指公用自来水厂和自备水源的社会单位全年的供水总量，包括有效供水量及损失水量。

145. 生活用水量 指居民日常生活与公共福利设施的用水量。包括居民、饮食店、旅馆、医院、理发店、浴池、洗衣店、游泳池、商店、学校、机关、部队等单位的用水量。

146. 城市人口用水普及率 指城市用水的非农业人口数(不包括临时人口和流动人口)与城市非农业人口总数之比，计算公式：

用水普及率＝城市用水的非农业人口数/城市非农业人口数×100％

147. 输气管道长度 指由压缩机、鼓风机、储气罐的出口到用户立管之间的全部管道长度。

148. 全年供气总量 指全年售给各类用户的全部煤气量。包括工业用量、家庭用量和其他用量。

149. 城市用气普及率 指使用煤气(包括人工煤气、液化石油气、天然气)的城市非农业人口数(不包括临时人口和流动人口)与城市非农业人口总数之比。计算公式：

城市用气普及率＝城市用气的非农业人口数/城市非农业人口数×100％

150. 废水排放总量 指生产废水和生活污水的排放总量。生产废水指企、事业单位在生产、科研过程中向外排放的所有排放口的废水量总和。生活污水指城镇居民区和企、事业单位职工集中居住区排放的污水量。

151. 工业废水排放总量 指经过工业企业厂区所有排放口排到企业外部的工业废水量。包括外排的直接冷却水、超标排放的矿井地下水和与工业废水混排的厂区生活污水，不包括外排的间接冷却水(清污不分流的间接冷却水应计算在内)。

152. 工业废水排放达标量 指全面达到国家、地方排放标准的外排工业废水量。包括经过处理后达标外排的和未经处理达标外排的两部分工业废水。国家排放标准见国标(GB8978—88)。

153. 废气排放总量 指燃料燃烧和生产工艺过程中排放的各种废气总量，以标准状态下每年万标立方米表示。

154. 工业固体废物综合利用量 指已用作农业肥料、造田、生产建筑材料、筑路以及其他方式综合利用的固体废物量(包括当年利用往年的工业固体废物堆存量)。综合利用量由原产固体废物的单位统计。

155. 工业固体废物处置量 指以符合环境保护要求的方式将固体废物放置在不再回取的场所的固体废物量，如填埋、焚烧、经封场处理的专业贮存场(库)、深层灌注、回填矿井等(包括当年处置往年的堆存量)。

156. 工业粉尘排放量 指工业企业在生产工艺过程中排放的固体微粒总重量。如钢铁企业的耐火材料粉尘、焦化企业的筛焦系统粉尘、烧结机的粉尘、石灰窑的粉尘、建材企业的水泥粉尘等。不包括电厂排入大气的烟尘。

157. R & D 是“研究与发展”(Research and development)的英文缩写。其含义是指在科学技术领域(包括自然科学、农业科学、医药科学、工程与技术科学、人文与社会科学领域），为了增加知识的总量，以及运用这些知识而进行的系统的、创造性的活动。R&D包括基础研究、应用研究、试验发展三类活动。

158. 独立研究与开发机构 指有明确的任务和研究方向，有一定学术水平的业务骨干和一定数量的研究人员，具有研究、开发、开展学术工作的基本条件，主要进行科学研究与技术开发活动，并且在行政上有独立的组织形式，财务上独立核算盈亏，有权与其他单位签订合同，在银行有单独户头的单位。

159. 科学家和工程师 指具有大学本科以上学历的人员和不具备上述学历但已评定为高、中级职称的人员。

160. 独立研究与开发机构职工 指在科学研究与技术开发机构工作，并由其支付工资的各种人员。包括长期职工和临时职工，不包括编制以外的离休、退休人员和停薪留职人员，但包括招聘人员。

161. 研究与发展经费支出 指报告期内用于研究与实验发展课题活动(基础研究、应用研究、实验发展)的全部实际支出。包括用于研究与发展课题活动的直接支出，还包括间接用于研究与发展活动的一切支出。

162. 发 明 专利法及其实施细则所称的发明是指对有关产品、方法或其改进所提出的新的技术方案。

163. 实用新型 专利法及其实施细则所称的实用新型是指对产品的形状、构造或者其结合所提出的适于实用的新的技术方案。

164. 外观设计 专利法及其实施细则所称的外观设计是指对产品形状、图案、色彩或者其结合所作出的富有美感并适于工业上应用的新设计。

165. 网上登记技术合同数 指本地区在全国技术合同网上登记系统中登记的技术合同数。

166. 网上登记技术合同成交金额 指本地区在全国技术合同网上登记系统中登记的技术合同成交金额。

167. 科技企业孵化器 是指以促进科技成果转化、培养高新技术企业和企业家为宗旨的科技创业服务机构。包括科技创业服务中心、大学科技园、归国留学人员创业园、软件园等综合型、专业技术型科技企业孵化器。

168. 在孵企业总收入 指在统计年度内由孵化器孵化的企业所实现的技、工、贸等各种收入之和。

169. 在孵企业从业人员 指本报告期末在孵化器孵化的企业的人员总数。

170. 毕业企业 指经孵化器扶持，发展到一定规模后脱离孵化器实现独立发展的企业。(毕业企业的数据仅按毕业时的数据累计，不进行跟踪）。

171. 普通高等学校 是指按国家规定的设置标准和审批程序批准举办的，通过全国普通高等教育统一招生考试，招收高中毕业生为主要培养对象，实施高等学历教育的全日制大学、独立设置的学院和高等专科学校、高等职业学校及其他机构(独立学院和分校、大专班)。

172. 成人高等学校 是指按国家规定的设置标准和审批程序批准举办的，通过全国成人高等教育统一招生考试,招收具有高中毕业或同等学历的人员为主要培养对象，利用函授、业余、脱产的多种形式对其实施高等学历教育的学校。包括：职工高等学校、农民高等学校、管理干部学院、教育学院、独立函授学院、广播电视大学、其他机构。

173. 专任教师数 教师是指专职从事教学工作的人员，包括临时调去帮助做其他工作的人员，不包括调离教学岗位担负行政领导工作的原教学人员。

174. 文化事业机构 指从事专业文化工作和为专业文化工作服务的独立建制的单独核算的单位。不包括这些单位另外举办独立核算的其他机构和各部门的业余文化组织。

175. 艺术表演团体 指从事戏曲、音乐、舞蹈、杂技等专业艺术表演，有独立账户，实行单独核算的团体。不包括半工半艺、半农半艺的业余剧团。

176. 艺术表演观众人数(人次) 指售票、包场演出或民族地区免费演出的艺术表演观众人次数。不包括彩排审查和内部观摩演出的观看人次数。

177. 医 院 指名称为医院，设有固定床位能收容病人住院并能为病人提供医疗、护理服务的医疗机构。包括县级以上医院、其他医院两部分。按所属性质分为卫生部门、工业及其他部门、集体所有制单位3类。其中县级以上医院按业务性质分为综合医院和专科医院。

178. 卫生技术人员 指卫生事业机构支付工资的全部固定职工和合同制职工中现任职务为卫生技术工作的专业人员。包括中医师、西医师、中西医结合高级医师、护师、中药师、西药师、检验师、其他技师、中医士、西医士、护士、助产士、中药剂士、西药剂士、检验士、其他技士、其他中医、护理员、中药剂员、西药剂员、检验员、其他初级卫生技术人员。

179. 医 生 指经卫生部门审查合格，从事医疗工作的专业人员。分为中医医生和西医医生。包括卫生技术人员中的中医师、西医师、中西结合高级医师、中医士、西医士和其他中医。

180. 等级运动员人数 指经考核正式批准授予等级运动员称号的人数。运动员等级分为国际级运动健将、运动健将、一级运动员、二级运动员。

181. 等级裁判员人数 指经考核正式批准授予等级裁判员称号的人数。裁判员等级分为国际裁判、国家级裁判、一级裁判、二级裁判、三级裁判。

182. 社会福利事业单位 指集中收养社会孤老、残、幼的机构。包括由民政部门管理的社会福利院、儿童福利院、精神病人福利院和城镇集体办的福利院，以及农村集体办的敬老院。

183. 社会福利事业单位收养人数 指由民政部门管理的和城镇及农村集体举办的社会福利事业单位中收养的老人、少年儿童、缺乏生活自理能力的残疾人员和精神病人。

184. 社会福利企业单位 指以安置城镇有一定劳动能力的盲、聋、哑和肢体残疾人员就业为目的，享受国家减免税待遇的国有或集体经济性质的企业。包括福利工厂、福利商品服务业、假肢厂和安置农场等单位。

185. 律 师 指受聘参加法律顾问处工作，担任法律顾问、刑(民)事代理人、刑事辩护人，办理非诉讼事件、解答法律询问，代写法律事务文书等主要从事律师业务的专职法律工作者和兼职律师。

186. 公证人员 指在国家公证机关依法办理公证事务的司法人员。包括公证员、助理公证员和在公证处工作的其他人员，

187. 办理公证文书 指公证处在一定时期内办结的公证文书件数。公证文书应按司法部规定或批准的格式制作。包括国内公证和涉外公证两部分。其中国内公证分为经济合同公证和民事法律关系公证两大类。

188. 调解人员 指在人民调解委员会担负调解民间一般民事纠纷和轻微违法行为所引起的纠纷的工作人员。包括调解委员会的委员和调解小组的调解员。

189. 调解民间纠纷 指调解委员会依照法律规定，根据自愿原则，用说服教育的方法调解民间发生的有关民事权利和义务的争执，促成当事双方达到协议和谅解，解决纠纷．包括婚姻家庭纠纷，财产权益纠纷等。不包括法院受理的纠纷案。

Appendix 7 Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators

1 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) refers to the final products of all resident units in a country (or a region) during a certain period of time. Gross domestic product is expressed in three different forms, i.e. value, income, and products respectively. The form of value refers to the total value of all products and services produced by all resident units during a certain period of time minus total value of intimidate input of materials and services of the nature of non-fixed assets or the summation of the value-added of all resident units; the form of income includes all the income created by all resident units and distributed primarily to all resident and non-resident units; the form of products refers to the value of all final goods and services for final use by all resident units plus the value of net exports of goods and services during a given period of time. In the practice of national accounting, gross domestic product is calculated with three approaches, i.e. production approach, income approach, and expenditure approach, which reflect gross domestic product and its composition from different aspects.

2 Comparable Prices refers to prices that removed the factors of price change so as to exactly reflect the change of aggregate when comparing the value of different periods. Two methods are used for calculating comparable prices: 1. Multiplying the output of products by their fixed prices of certain year; 2. Converting prices by relevant price index.

3 Constant Price refers to the average price of a given product in certain year, which is used for comparison of output value over time. As the output value at constant prices removes the factor of price changes, it reflects the trend of production development over time. Since 1949, with the changes in general price level, National Bureau of Statistics has issued nationally unified constant prices five times: the 1952 constant prices for 1949-1957; the 1957 constant prices for 1957-1971; the 1970 constant prices for 1971-1981; the 1980 constant prices for 1981-1990; and the 1990 constant prices have been used since 1991.

4 Various Planning periods The conventional division of time period in this statistical yearbook is as follows: Economic Rehabilitation Period, 1950-1952; the First Five-Year Plan period, 1953-1957; The Second Five-Year Plan period, 1958-1962; The Third Five-Year Plan period, 1966-1970; The Fourth Five-Year Plan period, 1971-1975; The Fifth Five-Year Plan period, 1976-1980;The Sixth Five-Year Plan period, 1981-1985; The Seventh Five-Year Plan period, 1986-1990;The Eighth Five-Year Plan period, 1991-1995;The Ninth Five-Year Plan period, 1996-2000; The TenthFive-Year Plan period,2001-2005;The Eleventh Five-Year Plan period,2006-2010;The Twelfth Five-year plan period ,2011-2015.

5 Average Annual Growth Rate refers to the average growth rate year after year in a long period of time. There are two methods for calculating: one is “level approach”, or the method of geometric level calculation, is the annual average growth (decrease) rate, which derived by comparing the level of the last year of the interval with that of the beginning year; the other is called “accumulative approach”, or algebraic average or equation method, is the annual average growth (decrease) rate, which is derived by summation of the actual figure of each year in the interval divided by the figure in the base year. Usually, the results calculated by the two methods are fairly close, but they differed sharply when uneven economic development occurred with striking fluctuations in growth.

The average annual growth rates listed in this statistical yearbook are all calculated by “level approach”. The base years are not listed when the years are listed for average annual growth rates. For example, the average annual growth rate of the 33 years since reform & opening-up implemented is listed as 1979-2011 without listing the base year 1978, the rest of the years are analogized as the same.

6 Registration Status of Enterprises Enterprises are classified into 3 categories, namely domestic-funded enterprises, enterprises with investment from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and enterprises with foreign investment, in the light of the registration status of an enterprise in industrial and commercial administration agencies. Domestic-funded enterprises include state-owned enterprises, collective-owned enterprises, cooperative enterprises, joint ownership enterprises, limited liability corporations, share-holding corporations Ltd., private enterprises and other enterprises. Included in the enterprises with investment from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and enterprises with foreign investment are joint-venture enterprises, cooperative enterprises, sole investment enterprises and share-holding corporations Ltd. For government agencies, institutions and social organizations, which are not requested to be registered in industrial and commercial administration agencies, they are classified mainly by their sources of funds and way of management.

7 State-owned Enterprises refer to non-corporation economic units where the entire assets are owned by the state and which have registered in accordance with the Regulation of the People’s Republic of China on the Management of Registration of Corporate Enterprises. Excluded from this category are sole state-funded corporations in the limited liability corporations.

8 Collective-owned Enterprises refer to economic units where the assets are owned collectively and which have registered in accordance with the Regulation of the People’s Republic of China on the Management of Registration of Corporate Enterprises.

9 Cooperative Enterprises refer to a form of collective economic units (enterprises) where capitals come mainly from employees as their shares, with certain proportion of capital from the outside, where production is organized on the basis of independent operation, independent accounting for profits and losses, joint work, democratic management, and a distribution system that integrates remuneration according to work with dividend according to capital share.

10 Joint Ownership Enterprises refer to economic units established by two or more corporate enterprises or corporate institutions of the same or different ownership, through joint investment on the basis of equality, voluntary participation and mutual benefits. They include state joint ownership enterprises, collective joint ownership enterprises, joint state-collective enterprises, and other joint ownership enterprises.

11 Limited Liability Corporations refer to economic units established with investment from 2-50 investors and registered in accordance with the Regulation of the People’s Republic of China on the Management of Registration of Corporations, each investor bearing limited liability to the corporation depending on its share of investment, and the corporation bearing liability to its debt to the maximum of its total assets. Limited liability corporations include exclusive state-funded limited liability corporations and other limited liability corporations.

12 Share-holding Corporations Ltd. refer to economic units registered in accordance with the Regulation of the People’s Republic of China on the Management of Registration of Corporations, with total registered capitals divided into equal shares and raised through issuing stocks. Each investor bears limited liability to the corporation depending on the holding of shares, and the corporation bears liability to its debt to the maximum of its total assets.

13 Private Enterprises refer to profit-making economic units invested and established by natural persons, or controlled by natural persons using employed labour. Included in this category are private limited liability corporations, private share-holding corporations Ltd., private partnership enterprises and private-funded enterprises registered in accordance with the Corporation Law, Partnership Enterprises Law and Interim Regulations on Private Enterprises .

14 Other Domestic-funded Enterprises refer to domestic-funded economic units other than those mentioned above.

15 Enterprises with Investment from HongKong, Macao and Taiwan refers to enterprises set up in mainland China in the forms of joint investment,cooperation or solely-owned investment by investors from HongKong, Macao and Taiwan in accordance with foreign-related economic laws & regulations of China. They include joint-venture enterprises, cooperative enterprises & solely-owned enterprises.

16 Enterprises with Foreign Investment refers to enterprises set up in mainland China in the forms of joint investment, cooperation or solely-owned investment by foreign investors in accordance with foreign-related economic laws & regulations of China. They include joint-venture enterprises with foreign investment, cooperation enterprises with foreign investment and enterprises with sole (exclusive) foreign investment.

17 Three Industries Industry structure has been classified according to the historical sequence of development. Primary industry refers to extraction of natural resources; secondary industry involves processing of primary products;and tertiary industry provides services of various kinds for production and consumption. The above classification is universal although it varies to some extent form country to country. Industry in China comprises:

Primary industry: Farming, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery (including farming, forestry, animal husbandry ,fishery and Services).

Secondary industry: industry (including mining and quarrying, manufacturing, production and supply of electricity, water and gas) and construction.

Tertiary industry: all other industries not included in primary or secondary industry.

18 Total Population refers to the total number of people alive at a certain point of time within a given area.The annual statistics on total population is taken at midnight, the 3lst of December, excluding migrant population without household register in Changzhou city.

19 Birth Rate (or Crude Birth Rate) refers to the ratio of the number of births to the average population (or mid-period population) during a certain period of time (usually a year) which is often expressed in ‰. Birth rate in the chapter refers to annual birth rate. The following formula is used:

Birth Rate = Number of Births/Average Number of Population×1000‰

Number of births refers to live births i.e. the births when babies had showed any vital phenomena regardless of the length of pregnancy.

The current calculation of birth rate is based on data residency by the public security data of permanent residency by the family planning commission at city levels, and can also be based on annual population sampling at country and provincial levels, including the late registration for births of previous year.

Annual average number of population is the average of the number of population at the beginning of the year and that at the end of the year, and can be substituted with the mid-year population.

20 Death Rate (or Crude Death Rate) refers to the ratio of the number of deaths to the average population (or mid-period population) during a certain period of time (usually a year) which is often expressed in ‰. Death rate in the chapter refers to annual death rate. The following formula is used:

Death Rate= Number of Deaths/Annual Average Number of Population×1000‰

21 Natural Growth Rate of Population refers to the ratio of natural increase in population (number of births minus number of deaths) in a certain period of time (usually a year) to the average population (or mid-period population) of the same period which is often expressed in ‰. The following formulas are applied:

Natural Growth Rate of Population = (Number of Births-Number of Deaths)/Average Number of Population×1000‰

Natural Growth Rate of Population = Birth Rate-Death Rate

22 Life Expectancy refers to the average number of years a person of a certain age will live (or the average life-span of an age group if the pattern of morality for this age group remains as it is.)

23 Employed Persons refers to the persons engaged in social labor and receive remuneration payment or earn business income, including:(1)fully employed staff & workers in state-owned, collective-owned or other kinds of economic sectors and otherwise employed persons; (2)private and individual economic laborors in towns; (3)rural social laborers.

Persons employed in various units refers to all the persons working in government agencies of various levels, political and party organizations, social organizations, enterprises and institutions, and receiving wages or other forms of payment. They include fully-employed staff and workers, re-employed retirees, foreigners and Chinese compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan working in various units, part-time employees, employees of other units working temporarily at current posts, and employees holding the second job, but exclude staff and workers who have left their working units while keeping their labour contract(employment relation)unchanged. This indicator reflects the total number of laborers actually engaged in production or other operations in various units.

24 Staff and Workers refer to the persons who work in (and receive payment therefrom) enterprises and institutions of state ownership, collective ownership, joint ownership, share holding, foreign ownership, and ownership by entrepreneurs from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan, and other types of ownership and their affiliated units and get paid also include the staff and workers who have left their working units while keeping their labour contract/employment relation unchanged.

25 Fully Employed Staff and Workers refer to persons who work in, and receive wages from their working units, as well as persons who have their work posts, but are temporarily absent from work for reasons of study or on sick, injury or maternal leave and still receive wages from their working units.

26 Staff and Workers Who Have Left Working Units but Still Remaining the Relationship with the Units refer to those who have left the production or working posts due to various reasons and are not taking other positions in the same units, but whose labor relationship still remained in the units.

27 Total Wages of Persons Employed refer to the total remuneration payment to the whole staff and workers in various units during a certain period of time, including the total wages of fully employed staff and workers, the total salaries of assigned personnel and the total earnings of other employed persons.

28 Total Wages of Fully Employed Staff and Workers refers to the total remuneration payment to fully employed staff and workers in various units during a certain period of time. The calculation of total wages is based on the total remuneration payment to the staff and workers. Therefore, all the wages and salaries and other payments to staff and workers are included in the total wages regardless of their sources, category, and forms(in kind or cash).

29 Average Wage of Fully Employed Staff and Workers refers to the average wage in monetary terms per person during a certain period of time for fully employed staff and workers in various units, which is one of the main indicators reflecting the general level of wage and is calculated as follows:

Average Wage of Fully Employed Staff and Workers = Total Wages of Fully Employed Staff and Workers in Given Period / Average Number of Fully Employed Staff and Workers in Given Period.

30 Registered urban unemployed people refer to unemployed people at working age (from 16 years old to retirement age) in urban areas that have the ability to work and the need for jobs and have registered at public employment service agencies.

31 Consumer Price Index Consumer price, refers to the price that consumer goods and services purchased by urban and rural residents, is the final price of social products and services, which influences the people’s livehood and lay a prominent role in the whole national economic price system. Consumer price index reflects the trend and degree of changes in prices of consumer goods purchased by residents.

32 Retail Price Index The retail price refers to the price that the residents afford for the living consumer and service. It is the final price of social products and service has a direct bearing on the people’s lives and has a fairly important states in the whole national economy system.

33 Service Price Index refer to the comparative number of the expenditure of non-commercial and service consumption. The items involve: telecommunication expense, postal expense, transportation expense, hairdressing & beautification expense, culture and entertainment expense, school and baby-sitting expense, mending and other expense, medical insurance service expense, total classifications.

34 Employment Population in Urban Households refer to urban residents engaged in certain work and receiving payment for the labor or income from their business operation, including those who work in state-owned or collective units, joint ventures, foreign-owned units and private with permanent or temporary jobs. The self-employed individuals and re-employed retirees are also included. This indictor reflects the situation of urban employment and is the basic data for calculating employment rate and dependency ratio.

35 Total income of urban families refers to the total income of sample families living in urban areas, which is comprising of salary income, net income from business operation, earnings from properties and income of transfer, not including the income of rent and sale of their properties. The income is calculated on what is actually occurred. The figure, whether redeemed or paid in advance, will not be further divided when calculated.

The income from properties refers to the income from the family owned chattel (saving deposits in banks, securities), real estate (such as housing, automobiles, land and personal collections). This includes the remising of one’s own properties, such as interests, rents, earning from patents, dividends from one’s property circulation, added profits of properties.

The income of transfer refers to the income of sample families, made up of the country’s payment transfer and inter-family payment, including retirement pension, unemployment welfare, compensation etc. The unit’s transfer of payment, including job compensation, insurance premium, public reserve of housing and inter family donations.

36 Disposable income of Urban Households refers to the total amount of sample urban residents’ income, which is comprised of income direct available for consumption, non-compulsory expenditure plus savings deposits, i.e. the income which could be disposed of freely. The formula of calculation is: disposable income=total income of the family – personal income tax – expenditure on social insurance – received subsidiary.

37 Total expenditure of Households refers to total actual expenditure of a household excluding that from rending, which includes all daily expenditure, housing expenditure, transfer expenditure, property expenditure and expenditure on social insurance. The statistical calculation is based on actual value of commodities or service bought, regardless of the means of payment, whether on installment or not, so long as the commodity and service has been consumed. If the commodity or service was bought on tally or installment, the difference of actual payment and payment due is put into the categories under the title of income from debit and credit.

38 Consumer Expenditure of Urban Households refers to total daily expenditure of residents, including the expenditure on foods, clothing, household appliance and service, health, education, cultural and entertainment service, housing, occasional costs and service. including goods or services used for donation.

39 Net Income of Rural Households refers to the total income of the permanent residents of the rural households during a year after the deduction of the expenses for productive and non-productive business operation, the payment for taxes and the payment for collective units for their contracted tasks, which can then be spent for investments in productive and non-productive construction, for consumption in daily life and for savings deposit. It is a comprehensive indicator to show the actual level of the income of the peasants’ household. The net income of the rural households includes not only the income from the productive and non-productive business operation, but also the income from the non-business operation, such as the money remitted or brought back by the members of the household who are in other places, the government relief payment and various subsidies. It includes not only the money income, but also the income in kind. But the income from borrowing from banks, friends and relatives is excluded.

40 Able-bodied and Semi-able Bodied Laborers of Rural Households refers to permanent residents of rural households who are able to work and actually engaged in social labor, which is one factor of production and sources of rural households income. According to the relevant regulations, male aged 18-50, female aged 18-45 are considered as able bodied laborers; male aged 16-17 and 51-60, female aged 16-17 and 46-55 are considered as semi-able bodied laborers. Those who are not in above age but able to work and actually engaged in social labor are also considered as able-bodied or semi-able bodied laborers, while those who are within the above age range but unable to work are not counted as able-bodied or semi able bodied laborers.

41 Expenditure of Rural Households for Consumption refers to total expenses of rural households on daily life, including expenses on food, clothing, housing, fuel, articles for daily use, and expenses on cultural life and services. This indicator is used to show the actual consumption level of peasants, including expense on food, clothing, housing, fuel, articles for daily use, and expenditure on daily life and services.

42 Total Investment in Fixed Assets in the Whole Municipality Investment in fixed assets is the essential means for social reproduction of fixed assets. Amount of investment in fixed assets refers to the volume of activities in construction and purchases of fixed assets in monetary terms. It is a comprehensive indicator which shows the size, pace, proportional relations and use orientation of the investment in fixed assets. Total investment in fixed assets in the whole society is classified into the following parts investment as categorized by ownerships. Total value of investment: city &town collective units, real estate development, investment in rural area.

43 Investment in Real Estate Development refers to the investment by the real estate development companies, commercial buildings construction companies and other real estate development units of various types of ownership in the construction of house buildings, such as residential buildings, factory buildings, warehouses, hotels, guesthouses, holiday villages, office buildings, and the complementary service facilities and land development projects, such as roads, water supply, water drainage, power supply, heating, telecommunications, land leveling and other projects of infrastructure. It excludes the activities in simple land transactions.

44 Sources of Funds for Investment in Fixed Assets refer to various funds received during the year by fixed assets investment for construction and purchase of fixed assets. They include balance of funds bought forward from the previous year, subtotal of sources of funds in this year, and various payable funds. The subtotal of the sources of funds in this year is further divided into six categories: state budgetary investment, domestic loans, bonds, foreign investments, self-raised funds, and other sources of funds.

45 Investment in Fixed Assets by Structure refers to the three major parts of investment activities, i.e. construction and installation, purchase of equipment and instrument, and other expenses.

46 Newly Increased Fixed Assets refer to the newly increased value of fixed assets through investment, including the value of projects completed and put into production, the value of equipment, tools, and vessels considered as fixed assets, as well as the relevant expenses as investment in fixed assets. This is a comprehensive indicator of investment in fixed assets, reflecting the achievements of investment in fixed assets in different periods, different sectors, and different regions.

47 Rate of Projects of Fixed Assets Completed and Put into Operation refers to the ratio of the newly increased fixed assets to the total investment made in the same period. This is a comprehensive indicator, reflecting the speed of the employment of fixed assets and the investment efficiency.

48 Projects under Construction refer to projects having construction and installation activities undertaken in the reference period, including projects started in the reference period, or continued from the previous period, or completed and put into production or suspended in the reference period.

49 Projects Completed and Put into Use Industrial projects refer to the major projects and accessory facilities completed which result in forming production capacity and have been checked and accepted while the living and welfare facilities have been completed and can ensure normal production and formally put into production. Non-industrial projects refer to the major projects and accessory facilities completed which possess the designed capacity and have been checked, accepted and formally put into production.

50 Floor Space of Buildings under Construction and Completed refers to total floor space in each story of buildings calculated from the outside line of building walls, including both usable space and the space occupied by constructions like pillars or walls. The floor space of multi-story buildings includes the total floor space of each story (including basement).

51 Floor space under construction refers to the floor space of all buildings (including basement, semibasement and supporting buildings) is being constructed within the period of the report. It consists of the floor space newly constructed in current phase and the floor space constructed from last year to current phase, and the floor space which stopped constructing in the previous phase but restarted to construct in current phase. The floor space completed in the current phase and the floor space stopped constructing or delayed construction of the current phase shall be included in the floor space under construction. As to multi storey building, floor space completed shall be filled in the total floor space of each storey.

52 Floor space completed refers to the total of building area of all buildings which are completed as per design requirement, meet the requirements for residence and use, and are inspected and accepted as qualified or meeting the completion acceptance criteria and can be transferred to normal use.

53 Floor Space of Residential Buildings refers to the floor space of the residential buildings under construction and completed among the total space of buildings under construction and completed.

54 Gross Output Value of Farming,Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery refers to the total volume of products of farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in value terms and the value of all kinds of supporting serving activities to farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery producing activities, which reflects the total scale and total result of agricultural production during a given period of time.The statistical scopes for Farming, Forestry，Animal Husbandry and Fishery are:

(1)Farming include crop cultivation and other farming crop cultivation, include planting of grain, beans, tubers, cotton, oil bearing crops,sugar crops,fiber crops,tobacco,vegetables,medicinal materials, melons and others, as well as tea,mulberry and fruit plantation.

Other farming include gathering of wild plant fruits, fiber,gum, oil, firewood, wild medicinal materials, fungi and commodity industry run by rural household.

(2)Forestry include planting of trees (not including planting,management & harvest of tea, mulberry and fruit plantation), collection of forest products,cutting and felling of bamboo and trees by villages and other cooperative organizations under villages.

(3)Animal Husbandry include raising and grazing of any kind of animal and hunting and raising of wild animal, excluding fish breeding.

(4)Fishery include cultivation and catches of acquatic animals and seaweed.

(5) The trade of farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, including irrigation service, elementary processing service of farming products, other agricultural service, forestry service, veterinarian service, other animal husbandry service, fishery service, and so on.

55 Grain Yield refers to the yield in the whole country including grains produced by state farms, collective units, industrial enterprises and mines.(Grain includes rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, millet and other miscellaneous grains as well as tubers and beans).Data on grain production before 1989 were obtained through the Comprehensive Statistical Reporting System.Since 1989,data from sample sunveys are used.

56 Yield of Oil-bearing Crops refers to the total yield of oil bearing crops of various kinds, including peanuts, (dry, in shell) rapeseeds, sesame, sunflower seeds, flax seeds, and other oil bearing crops. Soybeans, oil-bearing woody plants, and wild oil-bearing crops are not included.

57 Output of Aquatic Products refers to catches of both artificially cultured and naturally grown aquatic products, including fish, shrimps, crabs and shellfish in sea and inland water as well as seaweed. Freshwater plants are not included.

58 Output of Pork, Beef, and Mutton refers to the meat of slaughtered hogs, cattle, sheep and goats with head, feet, and offal taken away.

59 Cultivated Area (Area under cultivation) refers to farmland which is plowed constantly for growing crops, including cultivated land, newly cultivated land in the current year, farmland left without cultivation for less than three years and fallow land in the current year, rotation land, rotation land of grass and crops, farmland with some fruit trees, mulberry trees and other trees and cultivated seashore land, lake land, and etc. The land of mulberry fields, tea plantations, orchards, nurseries of young plants, forestland, reed land, natural and man-made grassland and other land are not included in cultivated land.

60 Sown Area of Crops refers to area of land sown or transplanted with crops regardless of being in cultivated area or non cultivated area. Area of land re-sown due to natural disasters is also included.At present ,the sown area of crops:grain,oil-bearing crops ,lotton,hamp,sugar crops,tobacco,medicinal materials,vegetables,melons and other farm crops.

61 Irrigated Area refers to areas that are effectively irrigated, i.e. level land which has water source and complete sets of irrigation facilities to lift and move adequate water for irrigation purpose under normal conditions. Under normal conditions, irrigated area is the sum of watered fields and irrigated fields where irrigation systems or equipment have been installed for regular irrigation purpose.

62 Consumption of Chemical Fertilizers in Agriculture refers to the quantity of chemical fertilizers applied in agriculture in the year, including nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and compound fertilizer. The consumption of chemical fertilizers is required in calculation to convert the gross weight into weight containing 100% effective component (e.g. 100% nitrogen content in nitrogenous fertilizer, 100% phosphorous pentoxide contents in phosphate fertilizer, 100% potassium oxide contents in potash fertilizer). Compound fertilizer is converted with its major component.

63 Total Power of Farm Machinery refers to total mechanical power of machinery used in farming, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, including ploughing, irrigation and drainage, harvesting, transport, plant protection, stock breeding, forestry and fishery. The power of internal combustion engines is required to convert horsepower into watts and the power of electric motors is required to be converted into watts. Machinery employed for non-agricultural purposes, such as the machines used in township run and village-run industry, construction, non-agricultural transport, scientific experiments and teaching, is excluded.But mechanical power that engage in agriculture and sideline products for primary processing of villiage industrial mechanical power are included.

64 Number of Livestock or Poultry in Stock at Beginning (or End) refers to the total number of large animals, pigs, sheep, fowls, etc. raised by rural cooperative organizations, state farms, rural individuals, government agencies, schools, industrial and mining enterprises, army, and urban residents at the beginning (or end) of the reference period. The investigated method of the pigs and poultry has changed from overall investigation to sampling investigation since 1997.

65 Industry refers to the material production sector which is engaged in extraction of natural resources and processing and reprocessing of minerals and agricultural products, including (1) extraction of natural resources, such as mining, salt production, logging (but not including hunting and fishing); (2) processing and reprocessing of farm and sideline produces, such as rice husking, flour milling, wine making, oil pressing, cotton ginning, silk reeling, spinning and weaving, and leather making; (3) manufacture of industrial products, such as steel making, iron smelting, chemicals manufacturing, petroleum processing, machine building, timber processing; water and gas production and electricity generation and supply; (4)repairing of industrial products such as the repairing of machinery and means of transport (including cars).

66. Light Industry refers to the industry that produces consumer goods and hand tools. It also refers to the industry that produces consumer goods. The light industry consists of the following two branches: (1) the industrial sectors using agricultural products as raw materials, such as textile and sewing of cotton, wool, hemp and silk, leather and relative products, pulp and paper production, food production, etc.; (2) the industrial sectors using non-agricultural products as raw materials, such as metal, chemicals, glass, porcelain and ceramics, chemical fiber and relative fabric, matches, wood products and so on for daily use. Most of the light industrial products are production consumer goods, while some of them are used in the production of raw materials and semi-finished products, such as chemical fibers, industrial fabrics, paper products, salt, etc.

67 Heavy Industry refers to the industry, which produces capital goods, and provides various sectors of the national economy with necessary material and technical basis. It consists of the following three branches according to the purpose of production or the use of products:(1) Mining, quarrying and logging industry refers to the industry that extracts natural resources, including extraction of petroleum, coal, metal and non-metal ores and logging.(2) Raw materials industry refers to the industry that provides various sectors of the national economy with raw materials, fuels and power. It includes smelting and processing of metals, coking and coke chemistry, chemical materials and building materials such as cement, plywood, and power, petroleum refining and coal dressing.(3) Manufacturing industry refers to the industry that processes raw materials. It includes machine-building industry, which equips sectors of the national economy, industries of metal structure and cement products, industries producing means of agricultural production, such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

According to the above principle of classification, the repairing trades, which are engaged primarily in repairing products of heavy industry, are classified into heavy industry while these engaged in repairing products of light industry are classified into light industry.

68 Gross Industrial Output Value refers to the total volume of final industrial products produced and industrial services provided during a given period in monetary terms, including the value of finished products, the income of processing rendered to other units and the changes in the value of home-made semi-finished products between the beginning and closing of the period.

69 Industrial Sales Output Value refers to the total volume of industrial products sold by an industrial enterprise during a given period and in the form of currency. It includes the value of finished products, semi-finished products, and industrial operations rendered to other units, products, industrial operations and self-made equipment provided to the basic construction department, welfare department, etc. of the enterprise. As to those finished products and semi-finished products, no matter whether products are manufactured in this calculation period or the previous one, so long as they are sold out in this calculation period, they should be included. The industrial operations are industrial services rendered to other units according to contracts. The products, industrial operations and self-made equipment provided to basic construction department, welfare department, and etc. of the enterprise should be regarded as act of sale, and included in sales statistics.

The scope, price and method of calculation of industrial sales output value are the same as those for gross industrial output value. However, the calculation base are different: the base for sales output value is the total volume of products sold; the base for gross industrial output value is total volume of production of industrial products.

70 Accounts Receivable refer to money owed to a business on the sale of products, services and other business activities by its customers that have purchased goods or received services, mainly including money owed by concerning debtor(s) to a business on the sale of products or services, as well as the packaging costs, transport charges and so on paid in advance by a purchasing agent.

71 Paid-in Capital refers to the total capital (or equity) actually contributed to a corporation by investors in monetary terms, in kind, with intangible assets, etc. The investment entities can be divided into state capital, collective capital, corporate capital, personal capital, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan capital, and foreign capital.

72 Total Assets refer to all resources collected via past transactions or events of a business, owned or controlled by the business and expected to bring economic benefits to the business.

73 Total Circulating Assets refer to assets that meet one of the following conditions: (1) assets expected to be liquidated, sold or consumed within a normal business cycle, including inventory, accounts receivable, etc.; (2) assets held for trading purposes; (3) assets expected to be liquidated within one year (including one year) after the balance sheet date; and (4) cash or cash equivalents that have unrestricted ability for exchange of other assets or to pay off the liabilities within one year after the balance sheet date.

74 Total Fixed Assets refer to tangible assets, with service life over one fiscal year, held by a business for production, services, rental or operation and management.

75 Original Value of Fixed Assets refers to the cost of fixed assets, including the total amount of all expenses incurred at the time of purchase, construction, installation, reconstruction, expansion and technical improvement of a particular fixed assets.

76 Accumulated Depreciation refers to the accumulated amount of depreciation on fixed assets of a business during the past years drawn in the end of given period.

77 Depreciation Drawn in Current Year refers to the total amount of depreciation on fixed assets of a business drawn within given period, the data of which is collected according to the “Depreciation of Fixed Assets” of “Statement of Changes in Financial Position” in accounting.

78 Total Liabilities refer to the current obligations that are expected to result in outflow of economic benefits of a business incurred from past transactions or events of the said business. Liabilities are generally divided into liquid liabilities and non-liquid liabilities based on the length of the repayment period.

79 Total Liquid Liabilities refer to liabilities that meet one of the following conditions: (1) liabilities expected to be settled within a normal business cycle; (2) liabilities held for trading purposes; (3) liabilities that shall be settled within one year after the balance sheet date; and (4) liabilities that a business has no right to defer the settlement to more than one year after the balance sheet date by their own. Such liabilities include short-term borrowings, bills payable, accounts payable, remuneration payable to employees, taxes payable and other items.

80 Non-liquid Liabilities refer to liabilities other than in current liabilities, including long-term loans, bonds payable and so on, the data of which is collected according to the ending balance of “Total Non-liquid Liabilities” of “Balance Sheet” in accounting.

81 Total Creditors’ Equity refers to residual interest owned by creditors in corporate assets after deducting liabilities. Company creditors’ equity is also known as shareholders’ equity, including paid-up capital, capital surplus, earned surplus, undistributed profits, etc.

82 Main Business Income refers to income of sales of goods and services and other main business recognized by a business.

83 Main Business Tax and Surcharges refer to the business tax, consumption tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surtax, etc. that should be borne by a company from main business.

84 Total Value of Profit and Tax (pre-tax Profits) refers to the total sum of profits, products sales tax and surcharges and the value added tax payable of industrial enterprises. It is also called pre-tax profits.

85 Ratio of Profits to Total Industrial Costs refers to the ratio of profits realized in a given period to the total costs in the same period, which reflects the economic efficiency of input cost and is calculated as follows:

Ratio of Profits to Total Industrial Cost(%)=(Total Profits/ Total Costs)×100%

86 Sales Ratio of Industrial Products refers to the sales of industrial products to the gross industrial output value in given period, which is important in reflecting the linkage between production and sales and the extent of the needs of the society that has been met by the supply of industrial products. It is calculated as follows:

Sales Ratio of Industrial Products = [Industrial Sales / Gross Industrial Output Value (at current prices)]×100%

87 Gross Output Value of Construction refers to total output value as expressed in monetary terms of the production and service of construction enterprises within certain period of time. The total value consists of three parts:

(1) Output value of construction projects, that is the value of projects covered by the project budgets;

(2) Output value of installation projects, that is the value of the installation of equipment, (excluding the value of the equipment to be installed);

(3) Other output value: refers to the value of production including repairing of auxiliary parts of housing, non-standard equipment manufacturing, administration cost of contractor on sub-contractor and other construction output which cannot be clearly categorized.

88 Output Value of Completed Projects usually refers to output value of single construction project concerned within reference period, calculated when the projected is completed as required by the plan of the project, meeting the requirements of turning over to the user and pass the examination of authorized department. The scope of output includes: the value created from start to completion of the projects. If the construction of the projects took more than one year, the output value should include the value completed in previous year. The output can be calculated on section by section bases on large projects if they can be divided by sections, levels of construction. Large plants, deluxe hotels, pipe work, highway, railway etc are examples of these large projects.

89 Floor Space of Buildings Under Construction refers to all the floor space of buildings in construction reported in reference period, including those starting construction, construction relayed from previous period, construction resumed after the delay of the previous period, completed construction and construction started in present period and stopped at present.

90 Floor Space of Buildings Completed refers to floor space of construction project concerned within reference period, calculated when the projected is completed as required by the plan of the project, meeting the requirements of turning over to the user and pass the examination of authorized department. The calculation of the floor space should strictly adhere to the standard requirements for check up the completion of the construction projects. For civil construction projects, generally speaking, the floor space should be calculated when the building itself and its water, sewage, gas, heating, ventilation, elevator etc have been completed according to the construction plan, passed the examination for completion and turned over to the user. For the industrial construction as well as the construction of R&D buildings, the floor space should be calculated, generally speaking, when the building was completed with water, heating, sewage and ventilation as well as auxiliary parts in living quarter and operational quarter, even without the installation of manufacturing equipment as well as pipelines.

91 Total Number of Machinery and Equipment Owned by the End of Year refers to the number of machines and equipment owned by the enterprises, and listed as the fixed assets of the enterprises by the end of the year, including machinery and equipment for construction, production and transportation.

92 Total Power of Machinery and Equipment Owned by the End of Year refers to the total power of machinery and equipment owned by the enterprises, and listed as the fixed assets of the enterprises by the end of the year, including machinery and equipment for construction, production and transportation. The power of the machinery is calculated on basis of the designed or verified capacity, covering the power of the machinery/equipment and the separate power equipment serving the machinery/equipment (such as electric motors), but excluding welders, transformers and boilers. The unit used for the calculation of power is kilowatt, with horsepower converted to kilowatt by 1 horsepower=0.735 kilowatt.

93 Income from Settlement of Projects refers to the income received by the construction enterprise from the contracted project through settlement procedures, and other charges to the contractoree as operational costs in addition to the value of the project, such as temporary facility fee, labour insurance premium , moving cost of construction equipment, as well as various types of claims to the contractee.

94 Profit from Settlement of Projects refers to profit realized through settled projects.

〝-〞expresses loss-incrring.It is calculated with the following formula:

Profit from Settlement of Projects=Income from Settlement of Projects-Settled Cost-Settled Taxes and Extra Charges

95 Length of Highways refers to the length of highways which are builted in conformity with the grades specified by the Highway Engineering Standard JTJ01-88 formulated by the Ministry of Communications,and have been formally checked and accepted by the departments of highways and put into use. The length of highways includes that of the suburb highways at large and medium-sized cities, highways passing through streets at small cities and towns, and also the length of bridges and ferries. It does not include the length of streets in big and medium-sized cities and highways built for the production purpose at factories, mines, forest areas and agricultural areas. If two or more highways go the same section of the way, the length of the section is only calculated for once and no duplication is allowed. The length of highways is an important indicator to show the development of the highway construction and to provide essential information to calculate the transport network density.

96 Length of Navigable Inland Waterways an indicator reflecting the size and development of inland water network, it refers to the length of the natural rivers, lakes, reservoirs, canals, and ditches open to navigation during a given period, which enables the transport by ships and rafts. It includes the channels open to navigation for over an accumulative 3 months in a year, yet this does not include the river courses which are only used to float odd logs and bamboo rafts.

97 Freight (Passenger) Traffic refers to the volume of freight (passenger) transported with various means. Freight transport is calculated in tons and passenger traffic is calculated in the number of persons. Despite the type of freight and travelling distance, the freight transport is calculated in the actual weight of the goods: and despite the travelling distance and ticket price, the passenger traffic is calculated by the principle that one person can be counted only once in one travel. The passenger who travels with a half price ticket or a child ticket is also calculated as one person. The freight (passenger) traffic provides a quantitative measure to show how the transport industry serves the national economy and people, and is also an important indicator for planning the transport industry and for studying the development scale and speed of the transport industry.

98 Freight Ton-kilometers (Passenger-kilometers) refer to the sum of the products of the volume of transported cargo (passengers) multiplying by the transport distance, usually using ton-kilometer and passenger-kilometer as units for measurement. Normally, the shortest distance between the departure station and the destination station (i.e., the payable distance) is the basis to calculate the freight ton-kilometers. This is an important indicator to show the total results of the transport industry, to prepare and examine the transport plan and to measure the efficiency, the labor productivity and the unit cost of transport.

99 Business Volume of Post and Telecommunications Services refer to the total amount of services provided to society by post and telecommunications enterprises with the form of value. Post and telecommunications services can be divided by category as letter, parcel, bill of draft, newspaper and magazine distribution, EMS, philately, fixed telephone, lending circuit, mobile phone, packet switched data traffic and lending telephone switchboard maintenance. The calculation method shall be the sum of various kinds of product time average unit price (fixed price) then plus the service incomes from lending circuit, telephone switchboard and circuit maintenance on behalf of customers.

100 Mobile Telephone Subscribers refer to subscribers of the telephone using mobile telephone network, and occupying mobile telephone number. The number of subscribers shall be calculated as per the number dealt with the formalities of mobile telephone network at cell-phone business office as of the report date, each cell-phone shall be recorded as one subscriber.

101 Number of Internet Subscribers refers to the number of subscribers who have registered and accessed into the international network, including local network area, metropolitan area network, wide area network, and dial-up network subscribers and private wire network subscribers.

102 Total Retail Sales of Consumer Goods refers to the sum of retail sales of consumer goods sold by all sectors of the national economy to urban and rural residents and social groups. This indicator is used to show the supply of consumers goods through various channels to households and institutions, and is very important for the study on people's livelihood, on the purchasing power of consumer goods and on the circulation of money.

103 Wholesale and Retail Sales Trade refers to units not directly involved in the manufacturing of commodities, rather purchasing the commodity from manufacturers or circulating units without processing, or with simple processing (cleaning, tidying, categorizing, packaging, etc) and achieving benefits by reselling the commodities.

104 Accommodation refers to service provided to clients with payment.

105 Catering trade refer to the units offer various food and drinks consumed at once in certain places and this kind of service is more important than other services (entertainment, e.g.) offered.

106 Wholesale enterprises above designated size refer to wholesale companies with the main business income of more than RMB 20 million yuan.

107 Retail enterprises above designated size refer to retail companies with the main business income of more than RMB 5 million yuan.

108 Catering enterprises above designated size refer to catering companies with the main business income of more than RMB 2 million yuan.

109 Total Sales of Commodities refer to value of commodities sold by the establishments to other establishments and individuals (including direct export). This indicator reflects the total value of sales of commodities at domestic markets and export, including: (1)commodities sold to urban and rural residents and social groups for their consumption;(2)commodities sold to establishment in all industries for their production and opration;(3)commodities sold to wholesale and retail establishments for re-selling with or without further processing;(4)commodities for direct exprt to abroad.

110 Value of Business Transaction in Trading Markets refers to the total volume between the buyers of consumption market and sellers of production goods market, which includes farmers, non-agricultural people, government offices, organizations, industrial and commercial enterprises and individual sellers, and which serves as the comprehensive index of the dimensions of trading markets.

111 Registered Capital of Private Enterprises refer to the checked registered capital when the private enterprises do the start or change registered, exclude the bank loans.

112 The Units of the Private owned industrial and Commercial Enterprises refers to the amount of the private owned industrial and commercial enterprises, which have got the business licence or the temporary business licences.

113 Staff and Workers in the Private Owned Industrial and Commercial Enterprises refer to the whole people take part in the business and get paid, which are checked by the industrial and commercial department, involved the manager of the private industrial and commercial enterprises, helper and the apprentices.

114 Registered Capital of the Private owned Industrial and commercial enterprises refer to the checked registered capital when apply for or change the registration.

115 Utilization of Foreign Capital refers to remittance, equipment and technology financed from abroad, by loans, foreign direct investment and other forms undertaken by the Chinese governments at all levels, by various departments, enterprises and other economic units.

116 Direct Investment by Foreign Entrepreneurs refers to the investments inside China by foreign enterprises and economic organizations or individuals (including overseas Chinese, compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao, and Chinese enterprises registered abroad ), following the relevant policies and laws of China, for the establishment of ventures exclusively with foreign own investment, Sino-foreign joint ventures and cooperative enterprises or for cooperative exploration of resources with enterprises or economic organizations in China. It includes the re-investment of the foreign entrepreneurs with the profits gained from the investment and the funds that enterprises borrow from abroad in the total investment of projects which are approved by the relevant department of the government.

117 Contracted Projects with Foreign Countries refers to projects undertaken by Chinese contractors (project contracting companies) through bidding process. They include: (1) overseas civil engineering construction projects financed by foreign investors. (2) overseas projects financed by the Chinese government through its foreign aid programs. (3) construction projects of Chinese diplomatic missions, trade offices and other institutions stationed abroad. (4) construction, projects in China Financed by foreign investment.(5) sub-contracted projects to be taken by Chinese contractors through a joint umbrella project with foreign contractor(Including bear terrain mapping; geological resource exploration and census ;construction regional planning; provide the design documents, drawings, production technology and engineering technical economic advice; feasibility investigation, research and evaluation of project;carry out technical guidance and training personnel);(6) housing development projects. The business income from international contracted projects is the work volume of contracted projects completed during the reference period, expressed in monetary terms, including completed work on projects singed in previous years.

118 Service Cooperation with Foreign Countries refers to the activities of providing technology and labor services to employers or contractors in the forms of receiving salaries and wages. Labor services providing by contractual joint ventures of Chinese international contracting corporations should be included in the statistics of service cooperation with foreign countries. The business income of labor service cooperation is the income in the form of wages and salaries, overtime pay, bonuses and other remuneration received from the employers during the reference period.

119 International Tourists refers to foreigners, overseas Chinese, Chinese compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan coming to China for sightseeing, visits, tours, family reunions, vacations, study tours, conferences and other activities of a business, scientific and technological, cultural, educational and religious nature. It does not include representatives and employees of resident institutions of foreign countries in China such as embassies, consulates, news agencies and offices of foreign companies and organizations, nor does it include long term foreign experts or students residing in China, or persons in transition without spending a night in China.

120 Total Electricity Consumption refer to the total amount of electricity consumed, it can be divided into 〝countryside used electricity〞,〝industry used electricity〞,〝transportation used electricity〞,〝urban and rural residents used electricity〞and so on, all kinds of the electricity consumption all involved the electricity sold to the city’s consumer by power stations, the electricity produced for self use (involved the electricity made by the waste heat).

121 Energy Consumption of Industry Enterprises refer to the energy, artificial used energy and energy used in other fields as fuel, material and supplementary material.

122 Total Fiscal Revenue refers to the revenue obtained of the government finance by means of participating in distribution of social products, including normal budgetary revenue and fund budgetary revenue. The normal budgetary revenue mainly includes as follows:

(1) Taxes, including VAT, consumption tax, business tax, business income tax, individual income tax, resources tax, tax of adjustment for the orientation of fixed investment, urban maintenance and construction tax, housing property tax, stamp duty, land value increment tax, city and town land use tax, tariff duty, contract tax and tax on occupancy of cultivated land, etc.

(2) Administrative charges revenues refer to administrative charges revenues included in budgetary management in accordance with related stipulations.

(3) Special revenues, including revenue collected from imposing fee on sewage treatment, revenue collected from imposing fee on urban water resources, and extra-charges for education, etc.

(4)Other revenues, including revenue from the repayment of capital construction loan, revenue from capital construction projects, and donations and grants.

Fund budgetary revenue mainly consists of fund revenue from industrial and communication authorities, social insurance fund revenue, income from compensated use of land and government housing fund revenue, etc.

123 Government Expenditure refers to the distribution and use of the funds the government finance has raised, so as to meet the needs of economic construction and various causes. It includes the following main items:

(1)General public services indicating the expenditure on general public services provided by the government.

(2)National defense indicating the government expenditure on active military, reserve forces of national defense and national defense mobilization, etc.

(3)Public Security indicating the government expenditure on maintaining public security.

(4)Education indicating the government expenditure on education.

(5)Science and technology indicating the expenditure on science and technology.

(6)Culture, sports and media indicating the government expenditure on culture, sports, radio and film and news publishing, etc.

(7)Social security and employment indicating the government expenditure on social security and employment.

(8)Medical treatment and health indicating the government expenditure on medical treatment and health.

(9)Environmental protection indicating the government expenditure on environmental protection.

(10)Urban and rural community affairs indicating the government expenditure on urban and rural community affairs.

(11)Agriculture, forestry and water affairs indicating the government expenditure on agriculture, forestry and water.

(12)raffic and transportation indicating the government expenditure on traffic and transportation.

(13)Industrial, commercial and financial affairs indicating the government expenditure on industry, commerce and finance.

(14)Other expenditures indicating other government expenditures that cannot be categorized in the above function subjects.

124 State revenue and local government revenue refer to the revenue owned by the central government and the revenue belongs to local government in accordance with the financial system.

Since the reform of tax system and financial system in 1994, the revenue belonged to the central government includes tariff, consumption tax, value added tax of imported goods levied by the customs, income tax of railway transportation enterprises, state-owned banks, state-owned post enterprises, sales tax of railway and banking and insurance (central government), offshore petroleum resources tax and vehicle purchasing tax (charges), etc. The taxes belong to the general budgetary revenue of local governments include regular sales tax, vehicle and vessel usage tax, animal slaughter tax, tax on occupation of cultivated land and deed tax, etc. The revenue shared by the central government and local governments includes value added tax, business income tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, individual income tax and stamp tax, etc. One point demands explanation is that the data over the years can’t be compared fully due to the changing revenue-sharing pattern and sharing proportions between the central government and local governments in recent years.

125 Deposit is a form of credit by which enterprises, institutions, organizations or households can put money into banks and other credit institutions for safekeeping and interest earning under the principle of free withdrawal. According to different depositors, deposits are divided into enterprise deposits, treasury deposits, deposits of government agencies and organizations, capital construction deposits, urban savings deposits, rural deposits and other deposits. Deposits are major sources of the credit funds of banks.

126 Saving Deposits Balance of Urban and Rural residents Saving deposits include the bank savings deposits of organizations such as industrial and mining enterprises, army units, institutions, ect. The outstanding amount of savings deposits refers to the money put into banks and rural credit unions at certain time points (balance between deposit and withdrawal), such as the end of the month, quarter or year.

127 Loan is a form of credit by which banks and other credit institutions provide funds at certain interest rate to enterprises and individuals in the light of the principle of unconditional repayment. Loans from Chinese banks include circulating capital loans, fixed assets loans, loans to urban and rural individuals engaged in industrial and commercial business and agricultural loans.

128 Amount Insured refers to the maximum that the insurant will get for the claim of the case insured.

129 Premium is the fee paid by the insurant to the insurer to obtain the obligation of compensation from the insurance within the agreed terms.

130 Insurance Indemnity refers to the compensation paid by the insurer to the insurant in accordance with the stipulations of the insurance contract after confirmed the insured event within the scope of insurance coverage by means of verification.

131 Prosperity Index refers to status and trend of development of sample groups or certain economic and social phenomenon, derived from quantitative processing of qualitative indicators regarding enterprise’s degree of prosperity. The prosperity index varies from 0 and 200 with 100 as its critical point. When the prosperity exceeds 100, it is indicated that the economy is turning for better, while the index is below 100, vise versa.

132 Prosperity Index of Enterprises refers the index reflecting soundness of general operation, derived form management’s judgment and estimation on performance of the company,(variables being sound,common and bad),which is used to reflect the general operation status of the enterprises.

133 Business climate index also known as comprehensive production and management climate index of enterprises, is the prosperity index constituted based on entrepreneurs’ judgments and expectations of overall production and operation conditions of their enterprises (usually evaluated as "good," "fair" or "poor"), which is used to reflect a company's comprehensive production and management status.

134 Length of Paved Roads at the Year-end refers to the length of roads with a paved surface, and with a width of more than 3.5 meters, including high quality, medium quality and ordinary roads.

135 Urban Bridges refer to bridges over river courses, great separated junctions and overpasses in urban areas. Permanent bridges and semi-permanent bridges are included. Temporary bridges, railway bridges and culverts are excluded.

136 Length of Urban Sewage Pipes refers to the total length of general drainage, trunks,branch and blind drainage, inspection wells, connection wells, inlets and outlets, etc.

137 Daily Disposal Capacity of Urban Sewage refers to the designed 24-hour capacity of sewage disposal at the sewage treatment works.

138 Floor Space of the Park, Gardens and Green Area Of Urban refers to the total area of urban public green land, special green land, production green land, protection green land and suburban scenic spots.

139 Green Space in Park refers to the green area with main function of opening for the public, and recreation, which possesses certain recreation facilities and service facilities, integrated the effects of ecology perfection, scenery beautification, prevention and mitigation of the effects of disasters.

140 Production Capacity of Tap Water at the Year-end refers to the actual comprehensive production capacity of the waterworks administered by the urban construction department and those owned by enterprises or institutions, taking the capacity of the main links, such as water inflow, purification, conveyance and outflow of the trunk pipelines into account.

141 Number of Public Vehicles (Buses and Trolley buses) at the Year-end refers to the total number of operational buses available at the year-end, including the year-end operational vehicles and vehicles in stock. Non-operational vehicles such as stringing cars, tank cars, machine shop cars, trucks and other special vehicles and the borrowed passenger vehicles are excluded.

142 Length of Roads in Operation refers to the length of designated regular routes in operation, including the length of suburban routes in operation. The length of temporary operational lines is not included.

143 Length of Water Supply Pipelines at the Year-end refers to the total length of all the pipelines between the water pumps and the users water meters.

144 Annual Volume of Water Supply refers to the total volume of water supplied by the public water-works and those owned by individual enterprises and institutions during the whole year, including both the effective water supply and loss during the water supply.

145 Consumption of Water for Residential Use refers to the water consumption of households for daily life and the water consumption of public welfare facilities, including the consumption of restaurants, hotels, hospitals, barber shops, public bathhouses, laundries, swimming pools, shops, schools, institutions, army units and other units.

146 Percentage of Urban Population with Access to Tap Water refers to the ratio of the urban non-agricultural population (excluding temporary and mobile population) with access to tap water to the total urban non-agricultural population. The formula is:

Percentage of Population with Access to Tap Water=(Urban Non-agricultural Population with Access to Tap Water) / (Urban Non-agricultural Population) ×100%

147 Length of Gas Pipelines refers to the total length of pipelines between the outlet of the compressor, blower or gas tank and the gas meters of users.

148 Volume of Gas Supply refers to the total volume of gas sold to users in a year, including the volume for industrial use, residential use and other uses.

149 Percentage of Urban Population with Access to Gas refers to the ratio of the urban non-agricultural population with access to gas (including gas, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas) to the urban non-agricultural population (excluding temporary and mobile population). The formula is:

Percentage of Population with Access to Gas =(Urban Non-agricultural Population with Access to Gas) / (Urban Non-agricultural Population) ×100%

150 Total Amount of Waste Water refers to the total amount of industrial waste water and resident waste water. The industrial refers to the total of the waste water produced in the producing, studying period of the enterprises and institutions. The resident waste water refers to the waste water produced in the residences.

151 Volume of Industrial Waste Water Discharged refers to the volume of industrial waste water discharged, through all outlets, to the outside of industrial enterprises, including waste water produced, direct-cooling water, underground water from mines that does not meet the standard of discharge, and the domestic sewage mixed up with industrial waste water when discharged, but excluding discharged indirect-cooling water.

152 Volume of Waste Water up to the Standard for Discharge refers to the volume of discharged industrial waste water that, with or without treatment, has come up to the national or local standards for discharge.

153 Total Amount of Waste Gas Discharged refers to the volume of various kings of waste gas discharged to the air in the process of fuel burning or in the production process, and is measured by 10,000 standard cubic meters each year under normal condition.

154 Volume of Industrial Solid Wastes Utilized in a Comprehensive Way refers to the volume of solid wastes from which useful materials can be extracted or which can be changed to be utilizable resources, energy or other materials, including the volume of industrial solid wastes stored up in the previous years and utilized in the current year, such as the solid wastes utilized as fertilizers, building materials, for making roads or for other purpose. Statistical data on utilization of industrial solid wastes are collected by solid wastes producing units.

155 Volume of Industrial Solid Wastes Treated refers to solid wastes disposed of in a non-recoverable place that meet the requirement of environmental protection, such as burying (The dangerous wastes should be buried safely), burning, piling in designated sites, pouring water into the deep strata, filling of old mines, etc. (including treatment of solid wastes piled up in the previous years).

156 Industrial Dust Discharged refers to the total weight of solid dust discharged by industrial enterprises in the production process, such as dust of refractory materials from iron plants, dust from coke-screening system or from sintering machines of coking plants, dust from lime kilns, cement dust from building material enterprises, etc., but excluding smoke and dust discharged by power plants.

157 R & D is the abbreviation of research and development, and refers to the systemic and creative activities for the purpose of increasing knowledge and applying the knowledge within the field of science and technology (including the fields of natural science, agricultural science, medical science, engineering and technological science and humanities and social science). R & D consists of three kinds of activities, including fundamental research, application research and experimental development.

158 Independent Research and Development Institutions refer to the state- owned institutions which have direct mission and research purpose, a certain number of core members with higher research level and certain number of research personal, favourable conditions for R&D and engaging in scientific research and technological development. The institutions also have their own independent organization and finance, authority to sign contracts with other units, their bank accounts. Independent research and development institutions include the institutions attached to central government agencies, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the institutions attached to the local government.

159 Scientists and Engineers refer to persons who have completed university or higher education or obtained titles of senior and middle level professional positions.

160 Personnel of Independent Research and Development Institutions refers to the persons working in and receiving payment from research and development institutions. It includes regular full-time and temporary staff and workers and employees working on contracts, but excludes retirees and persons leaving their work without payment but still retaining their posts, who are not on the employee list.

161 Total Expenditure on Research and Development refers to all actual expenditure made for R&D (basic research, applied research and experimental development)in reference period. It includes direct expenditure on R&D and indirect expenditure on R&D (including management and necessary administrative expenses of research institutes, investment in capital construction relating to R&D).

162 Inventions refer to the inventions as specified by the patent law and its detailed rules and regulations for implementation. They refer to the new technical proposals to the products or methods or their modifications.

163 Utility Models The utility models specified by the patent law and its detailed rules for implementation refer to the new technical proposals on the shape, structure or combination of shape and structure of product, which is suitable for practical use.

164 Designs refer to the designs as specified by the patent law and its detailed rules and regulation for implementation. They refer to the aesthetics and industry applicable new designs for the shape, pattern and color of the product, or their combinations.

165 Number of online registered technology contracts refers to the number of local technology contracts registered via the national technology contracts on-line registration system (http://www.ctmht.net.cn/).

166 Business volume of online registered technology contracts refers to the business volume of local technology contracts registered via the national technology contracts on-line registration system (http://www.ctmht.net.cn/).

167 Science and Technology Enterprises Incubator refers to the scientific and technological innovation service organization aiming to promote the transfer of scientific and technological achievements, and to nurture high-tech enterprises and entrepreneurs. It includes technological innovation service center, university technology parks, innovation (venture) park for returned overseas students, software parks and professional technological enterprises incubators.

168 Total income of enterprises under incubation refers to the sum of various incomes achieved from technology, industry and trade by the enterprises under incubation within the statistical year.

169 Persons employed by enterprises under incubation refer to the total number of persons employed by the enterprises under incubation at the end date of this report.

170 Incubated Enterprises refer to the enterprises realize independent development after developed to a certain scale so that divorce from the incubator. (The data of incubated enterprises is only accumulated based on the data of graduation time, without tracking).

171 Regular Institutions of Higher Learning refer to educational establishments set up according to the government evaluation and approval procedures, enrolling graduates from senior secondary schools via national entrance examination and providing higher diploma education. They include full time universities, independent colleges and senior professional schools, senior vocational universities and other institutions (such as independent institutes, branch schools and junior colleges).

172 Institutions of Higher Learning for Adults refer to educational establishments set up according to the government evaluation and approval procedures, enrolling personnel with senior secondary school or equivalent education via national entrance examination and providing higher diploma education by means of correspondence, part time or full time. They include workers’ colleges, peasants’ colleges, institutes for administration, educational colleges, independent correspondence colleges and etc.

173 The number of Full-time Teachers refers to the number of personnel engaged in education as full-time teachers, including those who are temporarily designated (within one year) to assist in other fields. The former teachers transferred from teaching to undertake administrative management are excluded.

174 Cultural Institutions refer to units which have their own organizational system and independent accounting system and specialize in or serve cultural development. They exclude other establishments run by these cultural institutions and amateur cultural groups established by various departments.

175 Art Troupe refers to the troupe which is engaged in drama, opera, music, dance, acrobatics or other art performance, opens independent accounts with banks and has self-supporting accounting system; excluding the troupes which are engaged partly in industrial or agricultural activities, partly in art performance and the professional troupes organized by the people.

176 Number of Spectators at Art Performance refers to the number of attendants at commercial shows, completely booked shows or free shows given in minority national areas, and does not include the number of spectators at rehearsals for examination and internal shows for study.

177 Hospitals refer to medical institutions with permanent hospital beds, which are able to take in patients and provide them with medical and nursing services. Hospitals are classified into three categories: hospitals at or above the county level, hospitals of rural townships, and other hospitals. According to their ownership, hospitals can be classified into three categories: hospitals under the public health departments, hospitals under industrial and other departments and collective-owned hospitals. Hospitals at or above county level are divided into comprehensive and specialized hospitals.

178 Medical Technical Personnel refers to all medical staff and workers employed by medical institutions, including doctors of Chinese and Western medicine, senior doctors who integrate traditional Chinese therapeutics with Western therapeutics in practice, senior nurses, pharmacists of Chinese and Western medicine, laboratory specialists, other specialists, paramedics of Chinese and Western medicine, nurses, midwives, druggists in Chinese and Western medicine, laboratory technicians, other technicians, other practitioners of Chinese medicine, nursing attendants, pharmacological workers of Chinese and Western medicine, laboratory workers, and other primary medical personnel.

179 Doctors refer to qualified professional medical workers approved to practice by public health departments. They are classified into doctors of Chinese medicine, doctors of Western medicine, senior doctors who integrate traditional Chinese therapeutics with Western therapeutics in practice, paramedics of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and other specialists of Chinese medicine.

180 Number of Athletes in Grades refers to the number of athletes who have been given titles through examination. The titles of athletes include international masters of sports, masters of sports, first-grade and second-grade.

181 Number of Referees in Grades refers to the number of referees who have been given titles after examination. They are classified as international referees, national referees and referees of the first, second and third grades.

182 Social Welfare Institutions refer to institutions taking care of old people without children,handicapped people and orphans. They include social welfare institutions run by civil affairs departments, children welfare institutions, social welfare institutions for mental patients, and collective-owned old peoples homes in rural areas.

183 Number of People Taken in by Social Welfare Institutions refers to the number of old people, children, totally dependent handicapped people and mental patients taken in by social welfare institutions run by civil affairs departments and those run by collective units in urban and rural areas.

184 Social Welfare Enterprises are collective owned enterprises which employ the blind, deafmute, and other handicapped people who are able to work in cities and towns and enjoy exemption from state taxes, including welfare plants, welfare commercial services, artificial limb plants and farms, etc.

185 Lawyers are legal workers who are employed full time by legal counseling firms to act as legal advisers, agents in criminal or civil lawsuits, or defenders in criminal lawsuits, or to handle non-litigious legal affairs, to advise on matters of law or to write legal papers for others. Both full-time and part time lawyers are included.

186 Notary Personnel refers to judicial workers of the state notary offices handling notarization work according to law. They include notaries, assistant notaries, and other people working for notary offices.

187 Notarized Documents refer to the documents settled by notary offices in a year. The notary documents are drawn up in accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Justice, including domestic documents and foreign-related documents. Domestic documents are divided into two major categories, documents on economic contracts and documents on civil legal relations.

188 Mediators refer to workers on peoples mediation committees responsible for mediating in civil disputes and cases of slight infraction of the law. They include members of the mediation committees and mediators of mediation groups.

189 Mediation of Civil Disputes refers to mediation committees work in mediating in civil disputes concerning civil rights and duties through persuasion and education in accordance with the provisions of law on a voluntary basis, so as to solve disputes by helping the parties involved come to an agreement and understanding. These disputes include divorce cases and disputes over property ownership, but exclude the civil cases to be handled by the court.