Appendix 7 Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical
Indicators
1 Gross Domestic Product
(GDP)
refers to the final products of all resident units in a country (or a
region) during a certain period of time. Gross domestic product is expressed in
three different forms, i.e. value, income, and products respectively. The form
of value refers to the total value of all products and services produced by all
resident units during a certain period of time minus total value of intimidate
input of materials and services of the nature of non-fixed assets or the
summation of the value-added of all resident units; the form of income includes
all the income created by all resident units and distributed primarily to all
resident and non-resident units; the form of products refers to the value of
all final goods and services for final use by all resident units plus the value
of net exports of goods and services during a given period of time. In the
practice of national accounting, gross domestic product is calculated with
three approaches, i.e. production approach, income approach, and expenditure
approach, which reflect gross domestic product and its composition from
different aspects.
2 Comparable Prices refers to prices that removed the
factors of price change so as to exactly reflect the change of aggregate when
comparing the value of different periods. Two methods are used for calculating
comparable prices: 1. Multiplying the output of products by their fixed prices
of certain year; 2. Converting prices by relevant price index.
3 Constant Price refers to the average price
of a given product in certain year, which is used for comparison of output
value over time. As the output value at constant prices removes the factor of
price changes, it reflects the trend of production development over time. Since
1949, with the changes in general price level, National Bureau of Statistics
has issued nationally unified constant prices five times: the 1952 constant
prices for 1949-1957; the 1957 constant prices for 1957-1971; the 1970 constant
prices for 1971-1981; the 1980 constant prices for 1981-1990; and the 1990
constant prices have been used since 1991.
4 Various Planning
periods The conventional division of time period in this statistical yearbook is
as follows: Economic Rehabilitation Period, 1950-1952;
the First Five-Year Plan period, 1953-1957; The Second Five-Year Plan period,
1958-1962; The Third Five-Year Plan period, 1966-1970; The Fourth Five-Year
Plan period, 1971-1975; The Fifth Five-Year Plan period, 1976-1980;The Sixth
Five-Year Plan period, 1981-1985; The Seventh Five-Year Plan period,
1986-1990;The Eighth Five-Year Plan period, 1991-1995;The Ninth Five-Year Plan
period, 1996-2000;The TenthFive-Year Plan period,2001-2005;The Eleventh
Five-Year Plan period,2006-2010;The Twelfth Five-year plan period ,2011-2015.
5 Average Annual Growth
Rate refers to the average growth rate year after year in a long period of
time. There are two methods for calculating: one is “level approach”, or the method of geometric level calculation, is the
annual average growth (decrease) rate, which derived by comparing the level of
the last year of the interval with that of the beginning year; the other is
called “accumulative approach”, or algebraic average or equation method, is the
annual average growth (decrease) rate, which is derived by summation of the
actual figure of each year in the interval divided by the figure in the base
year. Usually, the results calculated by the two methods are fairly close, but
they differed sharply when uneven economic development occurred with striking
fluctuations in growth.
The average annual
growth rates listed in this statistical yearbook are all calculated by “level
approach”. The base years are not listed when the years are listed for average
annual growth rates. For example, the average annual growth rate of the 35 years since reform & opening-up implemented is listed as 1979-2013 without listing the base year 1978, the rest of the years are
analogized as the same.
6 Registration Status of Enterprises Enterprises are
classified into 3 categories, namely domestic-funded enterprises, enterprises
with investment from
7 State-owned Enterprises refer to
non-corporation economic units where the entire assets are owned by the state
and which have registered in accordance with the Regulation of the People’s Republic of China on the Management of
Registration of Corporate Enterprises. Excluded from this category are sole
state-funded corporations in the limited liability corporations.
8 Collective-owned Enterprises refer to economic
units where the assets are owned collectively and which have registered in
accordance with the Regulation of the
People’s Republic of China on the Management of Registration of Corporate
Enterprises.
9 Cooperative Enterprises refer to a form of
collective economic units (enterprises) where capitals come mainly from
employees as their shares, with certain proportion of capital from the outside,
where production is organized on the basis of independent operation,
independent accounting for profits and losses, joint work, democratic
management, and a distribution system that integrates remuneration according to
work with dividend according to capital share.
10 Joint Ownership Enterprises refer to economic units established
by two or more corporate enterprises or corporate institutions of the same or
different ownership, through joint investment on the basis of equality,
voluntary participation and mutual benefits. They include state joint ownership
enterprises, collective joint ownership enterprises, joint state-collective
enterprises, and other joint ownership enterprises.
11 Limited Liability Corporations refer to economic units
established with investment from 2-50 investors and registered in accordance
with the Regulation of the People’s Republic of China on the Management of
Registration of Corporations, each investor bearing limited liability to the
corporation depending on its share of investment, and the corporation bearing
liability to its debt to the maximum of its total assets. Limited liability
corporations include exclusive state-funded limited liability corporations and other
limited liability corporations.
12 Share-holding Corporations Ltd. refer to economic units registered in
accordance with the Regulation of the People’s Republic of
13 Private Enterprises refer to profit-making economic
units invested and established by natural persons, or controlled by natural
persons using employed labour. Included in this category are private limited
liability corporations, private share-holding corporations Ltd., private
partnership enterprises and private-funded enterprises registered in accordance
with the Corporation Law, Partnership Enterprises Law and Interim Regulations
on Private Enterprises .
14 Other Domestic-funded Enterprises refer to domestic-funded economic
units other than those mentioned above.
15 Enterprises with
Investment from
16 Enterprises with Foreign
Investment refers to enterprises set up in mainland
17 Three
industries Industry structure has been classified according to the historical
sequence of development. Primary industry refers to extraction of natural
resources; secondary industry involves processing of primary products; and
tertiary industry provides services of various kinds for production and
consumption. The above classification is universal although it varies to some
extent from country to country. The three industries in
Primary
industry refers to farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery (excluding
services related to farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery).
Secondary industry
refers to mining and quarrying (excluding auxiliary activities related to
mining and quarrying), manufacturing (excluding repair services to metalware,
machinery and equipment), production and supply of electricity, water and gas,
and construction.
Tertiary
industry, namely service industry, refers to all other sectors not included in
primary and secondary industry. It includes wholesale and retail trade,
transportation, storage, post and telecommunications, catering and
accommodation, information transmission, software and information technology,
financing, real estate, lease and commercial service, scientific research and
technology service, management of water conservancy, environment and public
facilities, residents service, repair and other service, education, healthcare
and social work, public management, social security and social organization,
international organization as well as services related to farming, forestry,
animal husbandry and fishery, auxiliary activities related to mining and quarrying
and repair services to metalware, machinery and equipment.
18 Total Population refers to
the total number of people alive at a certain point of time within a given
area.The annual statistics on total population is taken at midnight, the 3lst
of December, excluding migrant population without household register in
19 Birth Rate (or
Crude Birth Rate) refers to the
ratio of the number of births to the average population (or mid-period
population) during a certain period of time (usually a year) which is often
expressed in ‰. Birth rate in the chapter refers to annual birth rate. The
following formula is used:
Birth Rate = Number
of Births/Average Number of Population×1000‰
Number of births
refers to live births i.e. the births when babies had showed any vital
phenomena regardless of the length of pregnancy.
The current
calculation of birth rate is based on data residency by the public security
data of permanent residency by the family planning
commission at city levels, and can also be based on annual population sampling
at country and provincial levels, including the late registration for births of
previous year.
Annual average number of
population is the average of the number of population at the beginning of the
year and that at the end of the year, and can be substituted with the mid-year
population.
20 Death Rate (or Crude Death Rate) refers to the ratio of the number
of deaths to the average population (or mid-period population) during a certain
period of time (usually a year) which is often expressed in ‰. Death rate in
the chapter refers to annual death rate. The following formula is used:
Death Rate= Number of
Deaths/Annual Average Number of Population×1000‰
21 Natural Growth Rate of Population refers to the ratio of natural
increase in population (number of births minus number of deaths) in a certain
period of time (usually a year) to the average population (or mid-period
population) of the same period which is often expressed in ‰. The following
formulas are applied:
Natural Growth Rate of Population = (Number of Births-Number of Deaths)/Average Number of
Population×1000‰
Natural Growth Rate of
Population = Birth Rate-Death Rate
22 Life Expectancy refers to the average number of years a
person of a certain age will live (or the average life-span of an age group if
the pattern of morality for this age group remains as it is.)
23 Employed persons refer to individuals engaged in
social labor and receive remuneration payment or earn business income, including
fully employed staff and workers, re-employed retirees, private business
owners, individual business owners, persons employed in private and individual
businesses, township enterprises and agricultural sector, and other employed
persons (including community-sponsored teachers, religion workers, active
servicemen, etc.) This indicator reflects the actual utilization of overall
labor resource within a given period and serves as an important indicator used
for research of the basic national conditions and strength of our country.
24 Employed
persons in units
refer to individuals working in government agencies at various levels,
political and party organizations, social organizations, enterprises and
institutions, and receiving wages or other forms of payment. They include
fully-employed staff and workers, re-employed retirees, community-sponsored
teachers, foreigners and Chinese compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan
working in various units, part-time employees, employees of other units working
temporarily at current posts, and employees holding a second job, but exclude
staff and workers who have left their working units while keeping their labour
contracts/employment relations unchanged. This indicator reflects the total
number of laborers actually engaged in production or other operations in
various units.
25 Staff and Workers refer to the persons who
work in (and receive payment therefrom) enterprises and institutions of state
ownership, collective ownership, joint ownership, share holding, foreign
ownership, and ownership by entrepreneurs from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan,
and other types of ownership and their affiliated units and get paid also
include the staff and workers who have left their working units while keeping
their labour contract/employment relation unchanged.
26 Fully Employed Staff and
Workers refer to persons who work in, and
receive wages from their working units, as well as persons who have their work
posts, but are temporarily absent from work for reasons of study or on sick,
injury or maternal leave and still receive wages from their working units.
27 Staff and Workers Who
Have Left Working Units but Still Remaining the Relationship with the
Units refer to those who have left the
production or working posts due to various reasons and are not taking other
positions in the same units, but whose labor relationship still remained in the
units.
28 Total Wages of Persons Employed refer to the total remuneration payment to the whole staff and workers in various units during a certain period of time, including the total wages of fully employed staff and workers, the total salaries of assigned personnel and the total earnings of other employed persons.
29 Total Wages of Fully Employed Staff and Workers
refers to
the total remuneration payment to fully employed staff and workers in various
units during a certain period of time. The calculation of total wages is based
on the total remuneration payment to the staff and workers. Therefore, all the
wages and salaries and other payments to staff and workers are included in the
total wages regardless of their sources, category, and forms(in kind or cash).
30 Average Wage of Fully Employed Staff and Workers refers to the average wage in monetary terms per person during a certain period of time for fully employed staff and workers in various units, which is one of the main indicators reflecting the general level of wage and is calculated as follows:
Average Wage of Fully Employed Staff and Workers = Total Wages of Fully Employed Staff and Workers in Given Period / Average Number of Fully Employed Staff and Workers in Given Period.
31 Registered urban unemployed people refer to unemployed people at working age (from 16 years old
to retirement age) in urban areas that have the ability to work and the need
for jobs and have registered at public employment service agencies.
32 Consumer Price Index Consumer
price, refers to the price that consumer goods and services purchased by urban
and rural residents, is the final price of social products and services, which
influences the people’s livehood and lay a prominent role in the whole national
economic price system. Consumer price index reflects the trend and degree of
changes in prices of consumer goods purchased by residents.
33 Retail Price Index The
the general change in retail prices of commodities . The
change and adjustment in retail prices directly affect the living expenditure
of urban and rural residents ,government revenue,purchasing power
of residents and the equilibrium of market supply and demand ,and the ratio of
consumption to accumulation.Therefore,the calculation of retail price index is
useful to analyze the changes of the above economic activities.
34 Service Price Index refer
to the comparative number of the expenditure of non-commercial and service
consumption. The items involve: telecommunication expense, postal expense,
transportation expense, hairdressing & beautification expense, culture and
entertainment expense, school and baby-sitting expense, mending and other
expense, medical insurance service expense, total classifications.
35 Disposable
Income refers to the sum of income of the surveyed households
obtained during the survey period that can be used for final consumption or
expenditure and savings, that is, the income that can be freely disposed by the
surveyed households. Disposable income includes both money and in-kind income.
According to the source of income, disposable income consists of four categories,
namely, wage income, net operating income, net property income and net transfer
income.
36 Wage Income
refers to the total remuneration and various benefits of employed people
obtained through various channels, including the total remuneration and
benefits acquired by those employed by units or individuals, or engaged in
various freelance, part-time or sporadic jobs.
37 Net Operating
Income refers to the net income obtained by households or household
members engaged in production and business activities, which is the net income
acquired after deducting operating expenses, depreciation of fixed assets for
production and production tax from the overall operating income .
38 Net property
Income refers to the net income obtained by households or household
members by means of entrusting other institutional units, households or
individuals to manage their own financial assets, non-financial assets like
housing, and other natural resources after deducting related expenses. Net
property income includes net interest income, dividend income, net income
derived from depositing insurance, net rents by transfer of contracted land use
rights, net rents of housing, net rents of other assets, and commuted net rents
of owner-occupied housing.
39 Net transfer Income
refers to the net resulted from transfer income minusing transfer expenses.
40 Transfer
Income refers to a variety of regular transfer payments to
households made by state, units and social groups, and regular income transfers
among households. Regular transfer payments include pension or retirement
welfare, social relief and subsidies, agricultural subsidies, policy-guaranteed
living allowance, disaster relief, regular donations and compensation, and
reimbursement of medical expenses transferred to residents by government,
non-administrative institutions and social groups. Regular income transfers
among households include alimony, regular donations and compensation, and the
income sent or brought back to a household in rural areas (village committees)
by a non-permanent member of the household working outside (including
overseas), and so on.
41
Transfer Expenditure refers
to regular or obligatory transfer payments made by the
surveyed households to state, units, households or individuals, including the
payment of taxes, social security expenses, alimony expenses, regular donations
and compensations, and other regular transfer payments.
42
Consumption Expenditure refers
to all the expenses for household consumption meeting daily needs, including
the expenditure on consumer goods and services. According to different purposes
of use, consumption expenditure can be divided into eight categories of food,
alcohol and tobacco, clothing, housing, supplies and services, transportation
and communications, education, culture and entertainment, health care, and
other supplies and services. According to different sources, consumption
expenditure can be divided into cash expenditure and in-kind expenditure
(self-produced and consumed or by units, governments and other social
organizations).
43 Investment in Fixed Assets Investment
in fixed assets is the essential means for social reproduction of fixed assets.
Amount of investment in fixed assets refers to the volume of activities in
construction and purchases of fixed assets in monetary terms. It is a
comprehensive indicator which shows the size, pace, proportional relations and
use orientation of the investment in fixed assets. Total investment in fixed
assets in the whole society is classified into the following parts investment
as categorized by ownerships. Total value of investment: city &town
collective units, real estate development, investment in rural area.
44 Investment in Real
Estate Development refers to the investment by the real estate
development companies, commercial buildings construction companies and other
real estate development units of various types of ownership in the construction
of house buildings, such as residential buildings, factory buildings,
warehouses, hotels, guesthouses, holiday villages, office buildings, and the
complementary service facilities and land development projects, such as roads,
water supply, water drainage, power supply, heating, telecommunications, land
leveling and other projects of infrastructure. It excludes the activities in
simple land transactions.
45 Sources of Funds for Investment in Fixed Assets refer to various funds received during the year by fixed
assets investment for construction and purchase of fixed
assets. They include balance of funds bought forward from the previous year,
subtotal of sources of funds in this year, and various payable funds. The
subtotal of the sources of funds in this year is further divided into six
categories: state budgetary investment, domestic loans, bonds, foreign
investments, self-raised funds, and other sources of funds.
46 Investment in Fixed Assets by
Structure refers to the three
major parts of investment activities, i.e. construction and installation, purchase
of equipment and instrument, and other expenses.
47 Newly Increased Fixed
Assets refer to the newly increased value of
fixed assets through investment, including the value of projects completed and
put into production, the value of equipment, tools, and vessels considered as
fixed assets, as well as the relevant expenses as investment in fixed assets.
This is a comprehensive indicator of investment in fixed assets, reflecting the
achievements of investment in fixed assets in different periods, different
sectors, and different regions.
48 Rate of Projects of Fixed
Assets Completed and Put into Operation
refers to the ratio of the newly
increased fixed assets to the total investment made in the same period. This is
a comprehensive indicator, reflecting the speed of the employment of fixed
assets and the investment efficiency.
49 Projects under Construction refer to projects having
construction and installation activities undertaken in the reference period,
including projects started in the reference period, or continued from the
previous period, or completed and put into production or suspended in the
reference period.
50 Projects Completed and Put
into Use Industrial projects refer to the major
projects and accessory facilities completed which result in forming production
capacity and have been checked and accepted while the living and welfare
facilities have been completed and can ensure normal production and formally
put into production. Non-industrial projects refer to the major projects and accessory
facilities completed which possess the designed capacity and have been checked,
accepted and formally put into production.
51 Floor Space of Buildings under Construction and Completed refers to total floor
space in each story of buildings calculated from the outside line of building
walls, including both usable space and the space occupied by constructions like
pillars or walls. The floor space of multi-story buildings includes the total
floor space of each story (including basement).
52 Floor space under construction refers to the floor space of all
buildings (including basement, semibasement and supporting buildings) is being
constructed within the period of the report. It consists of the floor space
newly constructed in current phase and the floor space constructed from last
year to current phase, and the floor space which stopped constructing in the
previous phase but restarted to construct in current phase. The floor space
completed in the current phase and the floor space stopped constructing or
delayed construction of the current phase shall be included in the floor space
under construction. As to multi storey building, floor space completed shall be
filled in the total floor space of each storey.
53 Floor space completed refers to the
total of building area of all buildings which are completed as per design
requirement, meet the requirements for residence and use, and are inspected and
accepted as qualified or meeting the completion acceptance criteria and can be
transferred to normal use.
54 Floor Space of Residential
Buildings refers to the
floor space of the residential buildings under construction and completed among
the total space of buildings under construction and completed.
55 Gross Output Value of Farming,Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery refers
to the total volume of products of farming, forestry, animal husbandry and
fishery in value terms and the value of all kinds of supporting serving
activities to farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery producing
activities, which reflects the total scale and total result of agricultural
production during a given period of time.The statistical scopes for Farming,
Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery are:
(1)Farming include crop
cultivation and other farming crop cultivation, include planting of grain,
beans, tubers, cotton, oil bearing crops,sugar crops,fiber
crops,tobacco,vegetables,medicinal materials, melons and others, as well as
tea,mulberry and fruit plantation.
Other farming include gathering
of wild plant fruits, fiber,gum, oil, firewood, wild medicinal materials, fungi
and commodity industry run by rural household.
(2)Forestry include planting of
trees (not including planting,management & harvest of tea, mulberry and
fruit plantation), collection of forest products,cutting and felling of bamboo and trees by villages and other
cooperative organizations under villages.
(3)Animal Husbandry include
raising and grazing of any kind of animal and hunting and raising of wild
animal, excluding fish breeding.
(4)Fishery include cultivation
and catches of acquatic animals and seaweed.
(5) The trade of farming,
forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, including irrigation service,
elementary processing service of farming products, other agricultural service,
forestry service, veterinarian service, other animal husbandry service, fishery
service, and so on.
56 Grain Yield refers to the yield in the whole country
including grains produced by state farms, collective units, industrial
enterprises and mines.(Grain includes rice, wheat,
corn, sorghum, millet and other miscellaneous grains as well as tubers and
beans).Data on grain production before 1989 were obtained through the
Comprehensive Statistical Reporting System.Since 1989,data from sample sunveys
are used.
57 Yield of Oil-bearing Crops refers to the total yield of oil
bearing crops of various kinds, including peanuts, (dry, in shell) rapeseeds,
sesame, sunflower seeds, flax seeds, and other oil bearing crops. Soybeans,
oil-bearing woody plants, and wild oil-bearing crops are not included.
58 Output of Aquatic Products refers to
catches of both artificially cultured and naturally grown aquatic products,
including fish, shrimps, crabs and shellfish in sea and inland water as well as
seaweed. Freshwater plants are not included.
59 Output of
Pork, Beef, and Mutton refers to the meat of slaughtered
hogs, cattle, sheep and goats with head, feet, and offal taken away.
60 Cultivated
Area (Area under cultivation) refers to farmland which is plowed
constantly for growing crops, including cultivated land, newly cultivated land
in the current year, farmland left without cultivation for less than three
years and fallow land in the current year, rotation land, rotation land of
grass and crops, farmland with some fruit trees, mulberry trees and other trees
and cultivated seashore land, lake land, and etc. The land of mulberry fields,
tea plantations, orchards, nurseries of young plants, forestland, reed land,
natural and man-made grassland and other land are not included in cultivated
land.
61 Sown Area of
Crops refers to area of land sown or
transplanted with crops regardless of being in cultivated area or non
cultivated area. Area of land re-sown due to natural disasters is also
included.At present ,the sown area of crops:grain,oil-bearing crops
,lotton,hamp,sugar crops,tobacco,medicinal materials,vegetables,melons and
other farm crops.
62 Irrigated
Area refers to areas that are
effectively irrigated, i.e. level land which has water source and complete sets
of irrigation facilities to lift and move adequate water for irrigation purpose
under normal conditions. Under normal conditions, irrigated area is the sum of
watered fields and irrigated fields where irrigation systems or equipment have
been installed for regular irrigation purpose.
63 Consumption
of Chemical Fertilizers in Agriculture refers to
the quantity of chemical fertilizers applied in agriculture in the year,
including nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and
compound fertilizer. The consumption of chemical fertilizers is required in
calculation to convert the gross weight into weight containing 100% effective
component (e.g. 100% nitrogen content in nitrogenous fertilizer, 100%
phosphorous pentoxide contents in phosphate fertilizer, 100% potassium oxide
contents in potash fertilizer). Compound fertilizer is converted with its major
component.
64 Total Power
of Farm Machinery refers to total mechanical power
of machinery used in farming, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery,
including ploughing, irrigation and drainage, harvesting, transport, plant
protection, stock breeding, forestry and fishery. The power of internal
combustion engines is required to convert horsepower into watts and the power
of electric motors is required to be converted into watts. Machinery employed
for non-agricultural purposes, such as the machines used in township run and
village-run industry, construction, non-agricultural transport, scientific
experiments and teaching, is excluded.But mechanical power that engage in
agriculture and sideline products for primary processing of villiage industrial
mechanical power are included.
65 Number of
Livestock or Poultry in Stock at Beginning (or End) refers to the total number of large animals, pigs, sheep,
fowls, etc. raised by rural cooperative organizations, state farms, rural
individuals, government agencies, schools, industrial and mining enterprises,
army, and urban residents at the beginning (or end) of the reference period.
The investigated method of the pigs and poultry has changed from overall
investigation to sampling investigation since 1997.
66 Industry refers to the material production sector
which is engaged in extraction of natural resources and processing and
reprocessing of minerals and agricultural products, including (1) extraction of
natural resources, such as mining, salt production, logging (but not including
hunting and fishing); (2) processing and reprocessing of farm and sideline
produces, such as rice husking, flour milling, wine making, oil pressing,
cotton ginning, silk reeling, spinning and weaving, and leather making; (3)
manufacture of industrial products, such as steel making, iron smelting,
chemicals manufacturing, petroleum processing, machine building, timber processing;
water and gas production and electricity generation and supply; (4)repairing of
industrial products such as the repairing of machinery and means of transport
(including cars).
67. Light Industry refers to the industry that produces
consumer goods and hand tools. It also refers to the industry that produces
consumer goods. The light industry consists of the following two branches: (1)
the industrial sectors using agricultural products as raw materials, such as
textile and sewing of cotton, wool, hemp and silk, leather and relative
products, pulp and paper production, food production, etc.; (2) the industrial
sectors using non-agricultural products as raw materials, such as metal,
chemicals, glass, porcelain and ceramics, chemical fiber and relative fabric,
matches, wood products and so on for daily use. Most of the light industrial
products are production consumer goods, while some of them are used in the
production of raw materials and semi-finished products, such as chemical
fibers, industrial fabrics, paper products, salt, etc.
68 Heavy Industry
refers to the industry, which
produces capital goods, and provides various sectors of the national economy
with necessary material and technical basis. It consists of the following three
branches according to the purpose of production or the use of products:(1) Mining, quarrying and logging industry refers to the industry that
extracts natural resources, including extraction of petroleum, coal, metal and
non-metal ores and logging.(2) Raw materials industry refers to the industry
that provides various sectors of the national economy with raw materials, fuels
and power. It includes smelting and processing of metals, coking and coke
chemistry, chemical materials and building materials such as cement, plywood, and
power, petroleum refining and coal dressing.(3) Manufacturing industry refers
to the industry that processes raw materials. It includes machine-building
industry, which equips sectors of the national economy, industries of metal
structure and cement products, industries producing means of agricultural
production, such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
According to the above principle of
classification, the repairing trades, which are engaged primarily in repairing
products of heavy industry, are classified into heavy industry while these
engaged in repairing products of light industry are classified into light
industry.
69 Gross Industrial Output Value refers to the total volume of final industrial products produced and industrial services provided during a given period in monetary terms, including the value of finished products, the income of processing rendered to other units and the changes in the value of home-made semi-finished products between the beginning and closing of the period.
70 Industrial Sales Output
Value refers to the total volume of industrial products sold by an industrial
enterprise during a given period and in the form of currency. It includes the
value of finished products, semi-finished products, and industrial operations
rendered to other units, products, industrial operations and self-made
equipment provided to the basic construction department, welfare department,
etc. of the enterprise. As to those finished products and semi-finished
products, no matter whether products are manufactured in this calculation
period or the previous one, so long as they are sold out in this calculation
period, they should be included. The industrial operations are industrial
services rendered to other units according to contracts. The products,
industrial operations and self-made equipment provided to basic construction
department, welfare department, and etc. of the enterprise should be regarded
as act of sale, and included in sales statistics.
The scope, price and
method of calculation of industrial sales output value are the same as those
for gross industrial output value. However, the calculation base are different:
the base for sales output value is the total volume of products sold; the base
for gross industrial output value is total volume of production of industrial
products.
71 Accounts Receivable refer to money owed to a business on the sale of products, services and other business activities by its customers that have purchased goods or received services, mainly including money owed by concerning debtor(s) to a business on the sale of products or services, as well as the packaging costs, transport charges and so on paid in advance by a purchasing agent.
72 Paid-in Capital refers to the total capital (or equity) actually contributed to a
corporation by investors in monetary terms, in kind, with intangible assets,
etc. The investment entities can be divided into state capital, collective
capital, corporate capital, personal capital,
73 Total Assets refer to all resources collected via past transactions or events of
a business, owned or controlled by the business and expected to bring economic
benefits to the business.
74 Total Circulating
Assets refer to assets that meet
one of the following conditions: (1) assets expected to be liquidated, sold or
consumed within a normal business cycle, including inventory, accounts
receivable, etc.; (2) assets held for trading purposes; (3) assets expected to
be liquidated within one year (including one year) after the balance sheet
date; and (4) cash or cash equivalents that have unrestricted ability for
exchange of other assets or to pay off the liabilities within one year after the
balance sheet date.
75 Total Fixed Assets refer to tangible assets,
with service life over one fiscal year, held by a business for production,
services, rental or operation and management.
76 Original Value of Fixed
Assets refers to the cost of fixed assets,
including the total amount of all expenses incurred at the time of purchase,
construction, installation, reconstruction, expansion and technical improvement
of a particular fixed assets.
77 Accumulated Depreciation refers to the accumulated amount of
depreciation on fixed assets of a business during the past years drawn in the
end of given period.
78 Depreciation Drawn in Current Year refers to the total amount of depreciation on fixed assets of a business drawn within given period, the data of which is collected according to the “Depreciation of Fixed Assets” of “Statement of Changes in Financial Position” in accounting.
79 Total Liabilities refer to the current obligations that are expected to result in
outflow of economic benefits of a business incurred from past transactions or
events of the said business. Liabilities are generally divided into liquid
liabilities and non-liquid liabilities based on the length of the repayment
period.
80 Total
Liquid Liabilities refer to liabilities that meet one of the following conditions: (1)
liabilities expected to be settled within a normal business cycle; (2)
liabilities held for trading purposes; (3) liabilities that shall be settled
within one year after the balance sheet date; and (4) liabilities that a
business has no right to defer the settlement to more than one year after the
balance sheet date by their own. Such liabilities include short-term
borrowings, bills payable, accounts payable, remuneration payable to employees,
taxes payable and other items.
81 Non-liquid Liabilities refer to liabilities other than in current liabilities, including long-term loans, bonds payable and so on, the data of which is collected according to the ending balance of “Total Non-liquid Liabilities” of “Balance Sheet” in accounting.
82 Total Creditors’ Equity refers to residual interest owned by creditors in corporate assets after deducting liabilities. Company creditors’ equity is also known as shareholders’ equity, including paid-up capital, capital surplus, earned surplus, undistributed profits, etc.
83 Main Business Income refers to income of sales of goods and services and other main business recognized by a business.
84 Main Business Tax and Surcharges refer to the business tax, consumption tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surtax, etc. that should be borne by a company from main business.
85 Total Value of Profit
and Tax (pre-tax Profits) refers to the total sum of
profits, products sales tax and surcharges and the value added tax payable of
industrial enterprises. It is also called pre-tax profits.
86 Ratio of Profits to Total
Industrial Costs refers to the ratio of profits realized
in a given period to the total costs in the same period, which reflects the
economic efficiency of input cost and is calculated as follows:
Ratio of Profits to Total
Industrial Cost(%)=(Total Profits/ Total Costs)×100%
87 Sales Ratio of Industrial Products refers to the sales of industrial products to the gross industrial output value in given period, which is important in reflecting the linkage between production and sales and the extent of the needs of the society that has been met by the supply of industrial products. It is calculated as follows:
Sales Ratio of Industrial Products = [Industrial Sales / Gross Industrial Output Value (at current prices)]×100%
88 Gross Output Value of
Construction
refers to total output
value as expressed in monetary terms of the production and service of construction
enterprises within certain period of time. The total value consists of three
parts:
(1) Output value of
construction projects, that is the value of projects covered by the project
budgets;
(2) Output value of
installation projects, that is the value of the installation of equipment,
(excluding the value of the equipment to be installed);
(3) Other output value: refers
to the value of production including repairing of auxiliary parts of housing,
non-standard equipment manufacturing, administration cost of contractor on
sub-contractor and other construction output which cannot be clearly
categorized.
89 Output Value of Completed Projects usually refers to output value of single construction project concerned
within reference period, calculated when the projected is completed as required
by the plan of the project, meeting the requirements of turning over to the
user and pass the examination of authorized department. The scope of output
includes: the value created from start to completion of the projects. If the
construction of the projects took more than one year, the output value should
include the value completed in previous year. The output can be calculated on
section by section bases on large projects if they can be divided by sections,
levels of construction. Large plants, deluxe hotels, pipe work, highway,
railway etc are examples of these large projects.
90 Floor Space of Buildings Under Construction
refers to all the floor space of buildings in construction reported in reference
period, including those starting construction, construction relayed from
previous period, construction resumed after the delay of the previous period,
completed construction and construction started in present period and stopped
at present.
91 Floor Space of Buildings
Completed refers to floor space of construction project concerned within reference
period, calculated when the projected is completed as required by the plan of
the project, meeting the requirements of turning over to the user and pass the
examination of authorized department. The calculation of the floor space should
strictly adhere to the standard requirements for check up the completion of the
construction projects. For civil construction projects, generally speaking, the
floor space should be calculated when the building itself and its water,
sewage, gas, heating, ventilation, elevator etc have been completed according
to the construction plan, passed the examination for completion and turned over
to the user. For the industrial construction as well as the construction of
R&D buildings, the floor space should be calculated, generally speaking,
when the building was completed with water, heating, sewage and ventilation as
well as auxiliary parts in living quarter and operational quarter, even without
the installation of manufacturing equipment as well as pipelines.
92 Total Number of Machinery and Equipment Owned by the End of Year refers to the number
of machines and equipment owned by the enterprises, and listed as the fixed assets
of the enterprises by the end of the year, including machinery and equipment
for construction, production and transportation.
93 Total Power of Machinery and Equipment Owned by the End of Year refers
to the total power of machinery and equipment owned by the
enterprises, and listed as the fixed assets of the enterprises by the end of
the year, including machinery and equipment for construction, production and
transportation. The power of the machinery is calculated on basis of the
designed or verified capacity, covering the power of the machinery/equipment
and the separate power equipment serving the machinery/equipment (such as
electric motors), but excluding welders, transformers and boilers. The unit
used for the calculation of power is kilowatt, with horsepower converted to
kilowatt by 1 horsepower=0.735 kilowatt.
94 Income from Settlement of Projects refers to the income received by the construction
enterprise from the contracted project through settlement procedures, and other
charges to the contractoree as operational costs in addition to the value of
the project, such as temporary facility fee, labour insurance premium , moving
cost of construction equipment, as well as various types of claims to the
contractee.
95 Profit from Settlement of Projects refers
to profit realized through settled projects.
〝-〞expresses loss-incrring.It is calculated with the following formula:
Profit from Settlement of
Projects=Income from Settlement of Projects-Settled Cost-Settled Taxes and Extra Charges
96 Length of Highways refers to the length of highways which
are builted in conformity with the grades specified by the Highway Engineering Standard JTJ01-88 formulated
by the Ministry of Communications,and have been formally checked and accepted by
the departments of highways and put into use. The length of highways includes
that of the suburb highways at large and medium-sized cities, highways passing
through streets at small cities and towns, and also the length of bridges and
ferries. It does not include the length of streets in big and medium-sized
cities and highways built for the production purpose at factories, mines,
forest areas and agricultural areas. If two or more highways go the same
section of the way, the length of the section is only calculated for once and
no duplication is allowed. The length of highways is an important indicator to
show the development of the highway construction and to provide essential
information to calculate the transport network density.
97 Length of Navigable Inland Waterways an
indicator reflecting the size and development of inland water network, it
refers to the length of the natural rivers, lakes, reservoirs, canals, and
ditches open to navigation during a given period, which enables the transport
by ships and rafts. It includes the channels open to navigation for over an
accumulative 3 months in a year, yet this does not include the river courses
which are only used to float odd logs and bamboo rafts.
98 Freight (Passenger) Traffic refers
to the volume of freight (passenger) transported with various means. Freight
transport is calculated in tons and passenger traffic is calculated in the
number of persons. Despite the type of freight and travelling distance, the
freight transport is calculated in the actual weight of the goods: and despite
the travelling distance and ticket price, the passenger traffic is calculated
by the principle that one person can be counted only once in one travel. The
passenger who travels with a half price ticket or a child ticket is also
calculated as one person. The freight (passenger) traffic provides a
quantitative measure to show how the transport industry serves the national
economy and people, and is also an important indicator for planning the
transport industry and for studying the development scale and speed of the
transport industry.
99 Freight Ton-kilometers (Passenger-kilometers) refer to the sum of the products of the
volume of transported cargo (passengers) multiplying by the transport distance,
usually using ton-kilometer and passenger-kilometer as units for measurement.
Normally, the shortest distance between the departure station and the
destination station (i.e., the payable distance) is the basis to calculate the
freight ton-kilometers. This is an important indicator to show the total
results of the transport industry, to prepare and examine the transport plan
and to measure the efficiency, the labor productivity and the unit cost of
transport.
100 Business Volume of Post
and Telecommunications Services refer to the total amount of
services provided to society by post and telecommunications enterprises with
the form of value. Post and telecommunications services can be divided by
category as letter, parcel, bill of draft, newspaper and magazine distribution,
101 Mobile Telephone Subscribers refer to subscribers of the
telephone using mobile telephone network, and occupying mobile telephone
number. The number of subscribers shall be calculated as per the number dealt
with the formalities of mobile telephone network at cell-phone business office
as of the report date, each cell-phone shall be recorded as one subscriber.
102 Number of Internet Subscribers refers to the number of subscribers who
have registered and accessed into the international network, including local
network area, metropolitan area network, wide area network, and dial-up network
subscribers and private wire network subscribers.
103 Total Retail Sales of Consumer Goods
refers to the activities of selling wholesale commodities for daily use
and capital goods to enterprises of wholesale and retail trades (including
self-employed individuals) and other enterprises, institutions and government
organs and organizations,and the activities of engaging in import and
export and acting as a trade agent.The wholesaler may have the ownership of the
commodities for wholesale and trade in the name of its own(a company),and
the wholesaler can act as commission agent or commodity broker without the
ownership of commodities Also included are the wholesale activities at the
fixed stalls in wholesale market and the acquisition for sales purpose.
104 Wholesale and Retail Sales Trade refers to units not directly involved in the
manufacturing of commodities, rather purchasing the commodity from
manufacturers or circulating units without processing, or with simple
processing (cleaning, tidying, categorizing, packaging, etc) and achieving
benefits by reselling the commodities.
105 Accommodation refers to service provided to clients with payment.
106 Catering trade refer to the units offer various food and
drinks consumed at once in certain places and this kind of service is more important
than other services (entertainment, e.g.) offered.
107 Wholesale
enterprises above designated size refer to wholesale companies with the main business income
of more than RMB 20 million yuan.
108 Retail
enterprises above designated size refer to
retail companies with the main business income of more than RMB 5 million yuan.
109 Catering enterprises above designated size
refer to
catering companies with the main business income of more than RMB 2 million
yuan.
110 Total Sales of Commodities refer to value of
commodities sold by the establishments to other establishments and individuals
(including direct export). This indicator reflects the total value of sales of
commodities at domestic markets and export, including: (1)commodities sold to urban and
rural residents and social groups for their consumption;(2)commodities sold to
establishment in all industries for their production and
opration;(3)commodities sold to wholesale and retail establishments for
re-selling with or without further processing;(4)commodities for direct exprt
to abroad.
111 Value of
Business Transaction in Trading Markets refers to the total sales
valus of commodities realized by the operators in the transaction
market.Commodity transaction markets include consumer good markets and means of
production markets .
112 Registered Capital of
Private Enterprises refer to the checked registered capital when the private enterprises do
the start or change registered, exclude the bank loans.
113 The Units of the Private
owned industrial and Commercial Enterprises refers
to the amount of the private owned industrial and commercial enterprises, which
have got the business licence or the temporary business licences.
114 Staff and Workers in the
Private Owned Industrial and Commercial Enterprises refer
to the whole people take part in the business and get paid, which are checked
by the industrial and commercial department, involved the manager of the
private industrial and commercial enterprises, helper and the apprentices.
115 Registered Capital of
the Private owned Industrial and commercial enterprises refer
to the checked registered capital when apply for or change the registration.
116 Utilization of Foreign
Capital refers
to remittance, equipment and technology financed from abroad, by loans, foreign
direct investment and other forms undertaken by the Chinese governments at all
levels, by various departments, enterprises and other economic units.
117 Direct Investment by Foreign
Entrepreneurs refers to the investments inside China by foreign enterprises and
economic organizations or individuals (including overseas Chinese, compatriots
from Hong Kong and Macao, and Chinese enterprises registered abroad ),
following the relevant policies and laws of China, for the establishment of
ventures exclusively with foreign own investment, Sino-foreign joint ventures
and cooperative enterprises or for cooperative exploration of resources with
enterprises or economic organizations in China. It includes the re-investment
of the foreign entrepreneurs with the profits gained from the investment and
the funds that enterprises borrow from abroad in the total investment of
projects which are approved by the relevant department of the government.
118 Contracted Projects with Foreign Countries refers to projects undertaken by Chinese contractors (project contracting companies) through bidding process. They include: (1) overseas civil engineering construction projects financed by foreign investors. (2) overseas projects financed by the Chinese government through its foreign aid programs. (3) construction projects of Chinese diplomatic missions, trade offices and other institutions stationed abroad. (4) construction, projects in China Financed by foreign investment.(5) sub-contracted projects to be taken by Chinese contractors through a joint umbrella project with foreign contractor(Including bear terrain mapping; geological resource exploration and census ;construction regional planning; provide the design documents, drawings, production technology and engineering technical economic advice; feasibility investigation, research and evaluation of project;carry out technical guidance and training personnel);(6) housing development projects. The business income from international contracted projects is the work volume of contracted projects completed during the reference period, expressed in monetary terms, including completed work on projects singed in previous years.
119 Service Cooperation with
Foreign Countries refers to the activities of providing technology and labor services to
employers or contractors in the forms of receiving salaries and wages. Labor
services providing by contractual joint ventures of Chinese international
contracting corporations should be included in the statistics of service
cooperation with foreign countries. The business income of labor service
cooperation is the income in the form of wages and salaries, overtime pay,
bonuses and other remuneration received from the employers during the reference
period.
120 International Tourists refers
to foreigners, overseas Chinese, Chinese compatriots from
121 Total Electricity
Consumption refer to the total amount of electricity consumed, it can be divided
into 〝countryside used electricity〞,〝industry used electricity〞,〝transportation used electricity〞,〝urban and rural
residents used electricity〞and
so on, all kinds of the electricity consumption all involved the electricity
sold to the city’s consumer by power stations, the electricity produced for
self use (involved the electricity made by the waste heat).
122 Energy Consumption of
Industry Enterprises refer to the energy, artificial used energy and energy used in other
fields as fuel, material and supplementary material.
123 Total
Fiscal Revenue refers
to income for the government finance through participating in the distribution
of social products.It is the financial guarantee to ensure government
functioning. In our province, total financial revenue is the sum of public
finance budgetary revenue,funds budgetary
revenue and four taxes turned over to central government
124 Government
Expenditure refers to the
distribution and use of the funds the government finance has raised, so as to
meet the needs of economic construction and various causes.
125 Deposit is a form of credit by which
enterprises, institutions, organizations or households can put money into banks
and other credit institutions for safekeeping and interest earning under the
principle of free withdrawal. According to different depositors, deposits are
divided into enterprise deposits, treasury deposits, deposits of government
agencies and organizations, capital construction deposits, urban savings
deposits, rural deposits and other deposits. Deposits are major sources of the
credit funds of banks.
126 Saving Deposits Balance of Urban and Rural residents Saving
deposits include the bank savings deposits of organizations such as industrial
and mining enterprises, army units, institutions, ect. The outstanding amount
of savings deposits refers to the money put into banks and rural credit unions
at certain time points (balance between deposit and withdrawal), such as the
end of the month, quarter or year.
127 Loan is a form of credit by which banks
and other credit institutions provide funds at certain interest rate to
enterprises and individuals in the light of the principle of unconditional
repayment. Loans from Chinese banks include circulating capital loans, fixed
assets loans, loans to urban and rural individuals engaged in industrial and
commercial business and agricultural loans.
128 Amount Insured refers to the maximum that the
insurant will get for the claim of the case insured.
129 Premium is the fee paid by the insurant to the
insurer to obtain the obligation of compensation from the insurance within the
agreed terms.
130 Insurance
Indemnity refers to the compensation paid by the insurer
to the insurant in accordance with the stipulations of the insurance contract
after confirmed the insured event within the scope of insurance
coverage by
means of verification.
131 Length of Paved Roads at the Year-end refers to the length of roads with a
paved surface, and with a width of more than 3.5
meters, including high quality, medium quality and ordinary roads.
132 Urban Bridges refer to bridges over river courses,
great separated junctions and overpasses in urban areas. Permanent bridges and
semi-permanent bridges are included. Temporary bridges, railway bridges and
culverts are excluded.
133 Length of Urban Sewage Pipes refers to the total length of general
drainage, trunks,branch and blind drainage, inspection wells,
connection wells, inlets and outlets, etc.
134 Daily Disposal Capacity of Urban Sewage refers to the designed 24-hour
capacity of sewage disposal at the sewage treatment works.
135 Floor Space of the Park,
Gardens and Green Area Of Urban refers to the total area of urban public
green land, special green land, production green land, protection green land
and suburban scenic spots.
136 Green Space in Park refers to the green area
with main function of opening for the public, and recreation, which possesses
certain recreation facilities and service facilities, integrated the effects of
ecology perfection, scenery beautification, prevention and mitigation of the
effects of disasters.
137 Production Capacity of Tap Water at the Year-end refers to the actual comprehensive production
capacity of the waterworks administered by the urban construction department
and those owned by enterprises or institutions, taking the capacity of the main
links, such as water inflow, purification, conveyance and outflow of the trunk
pipelines into account.
138 Number of Public Vehicles (Buses and Trolley buses) at the Year-end refers to the total number
of operational buses available at the year-end, including the year-end
operational vehicles and vehicles in stock. Non-operational vehicles such as
stringing cars, tank cars, machine shop cars, trucks and other special vehicles
and the borrowed passenger vehicles are excluded.
139 Length of Roads in Operation refers to the length of designated regular routes in operation,
including the length of suburban routes in operation. The length of temporary
operational lines is not included.
140 Length of Water Supply Pipelines at the Year-end refers to the total length
of all the pipelines between the water pumps and the users water meters.
141 Annual Volume of Water Supply refers to the total volume of water
supplied by the public water-works and those owned by individual enterprises
and institutions during the whole year, including both the effective water
supply and loss during the water supply.
142 Consumption of Water for Residential Use refers to the water consumption of
households for daily life and the water consumption of public welfare
facilities, including the consumption of restaurants, hotels, hospitals, barber
shops, public bathhouses, laundries, swimming pools, shops, schools,
institutions, army units and other units.
143 Percentage of Urban Population with Access to Tap Water refers to the ratio of the
urban non-agricultural population (excluding temporary and mobile population)
with access to tap water to the total urban non-agricultural population. The
formula is:
Percentage of Population with
Access to Tap Water=(Urban
Non-agricultural Population with Access to Tap Water) / (Urban Non-agricultural
Population) ×100%
144 Length of Gas Pipelines refers to the total length of pipelines between the outlet of the
compressor, blower or gas tank and the gas meters of users.
145 Volume of Gas Supply refers to the total volume of gas sold to
users in a year, including the volume for industrial use, residential use and
other uses.
146 Percentage of Urban Population with Access to Gas refers to the ratio of the
urban non-agricultural population with access to gas (including gas, liquefied
petroleum gas and natural gas) to the urban non-agricultural population
(excluding temporary and mobile population). The formula is:
Percentage of Population
with Access to Gas =(Urban Non-agricultural Population with Access to Gas) / (Urban Non-agricultural Population) ×100%
147 Total Amount of Waste
Water refers
to the total amount of industrial waste water and resident waste water. The
industrial refers to the total of the waste water produced in the producing,
studying period of the enterprises and institutions. The resident waste water
refers to the waste water produced in the residences.
148 Volume of Industrial
Waste Water Discharged refers to the volume of industrial
waste water discharged, through all outlets, to the outside of industrial
enterprises, including waste water produced, direct-cooling water, underground
water from mines that does not meet the standard of discharge, and the domestic
sewage mixed up with industrial waste water when discharged, but excluding
discharged indirect-cooling water.
149 Total Amount of Industrial Waste Gas Discharged refers to the total volume of all kinds of gas containing pollutants discharged to the air by factories in the process of fuel combustion and production, which is measured by standard conditions (273K, 101325Pa).
150 Volume of General
Industrial Solid Wastes Utilized in a Comprehensive Way refers to the volume of solid wastes from which useful materials can be
extracted or which can be transformed to utilizable resources, energy or other
raw materials through recycling, processing, circulation, exchange, and so on,
including the volume of industrial solid wastes stored up in the previous years
and utilized in the current year, such as the solid wastes utilized as
fertilizers, building materials, road construction materials, etc.
151 Volume of General
Industrial Solid Wastes Treated refers to the amount of solid
wastes eliminated by enterprises in the survey year through incineration of
industrial solid wastes and other methods of changing the physical, chemical
and biological properties of the industrial solid wastes, to reduce or
eliminate their risk components, or by means of burying the industrial solid
wastes in the landfill meeting the requirements for environmental protection.
Such treatments include: burying, burning, piling in designated sites
(warehouses), pouring water into the deep strata, filling of old mines, ocean
disposal (as approved by Ocean Management Authorities), and so on.
152 Total Amount of Industrial Smoke, (Powder) and
Dust Discharged refers to the total amount of smoke
and industrial dust discharged to the air by enterprises in the process of fuel
combustion and production.
153 R & D is the abbreviation of research and
development, and refers to the systemic and creative activities for the purpose
of increasing knowledge and applying the knowledge within the field of science
and technology (including the fields of natural science, agricultural science,
medical science, engineering and technological science and humanities and
social science). R & D consists of three kinds of activities, including
fundamental research, application research and experimental development.
154 Independent Research
and Development Institutions refer to the state- owned
institutions which have direct mission and research purpose, a certain number
of core members with higher research level and certain number of research
personal, favourable conditions for R&D and engaging in scientific research
and technological development. The institutions also have their own independent
organization and finance, authority to sign contracts with other units, their
bank accounts. Independent research and development institutions include the
institutions attached to central government agencies,
155 Scientists and
Engineers refer to persons who have completed
university or higher education or obtained titles of senior and middle level
professional positions.
156 Personnel of Independent
Research and Development Institutions refers to the persons working in and
receiving payment from research and development institutions. It includes
regular full-time and temporary staff and workers and employees working on
contracts, but excludes retirees and persons leaving their work without payment
but still retaining their posts, who are not on the employee list.
157 Total Expenditure on
Research and Development refers to all actual expenditure made for
R&D (basic research, applied research and experimental development)in
reference period. It includes direct expenditure on R&D and indirect
expenditure on R&D (including management and necessary administrative
expenses of research institutes, investment in capital construction relating to
R&D).
158 Inventions refer
to the inventions as specified by the patent law and its detailed rules and
regulations for implementation. They refer to the new technical proposals to
the products or methods or their modifications.
159 Utility Models The utility models specified by the patent law and its
detailed rules for implementation refer to the new technical proposals on the
shape, structure or combination of shape and structure of product, which is suitable for practical use.
160 Designs refer to the designs as specified by the patent law and its detailed
rules and regulation for implementation. They refer to the aesthetics and
industry applicable new designs for the shape, pattern and color of the
product, or their combinations.
161 Number of online registered technology contracts refers to the number of local technology contracts registered via the
national technology contracts on-line registration system
(http://www.ctmht.net.cn/).
162 Business volume of online registered technology contracts refers to the business volume of local technology contracts registered
via the national technology contracts on-line registration system
(http://www.ctmht.net.cn/).
163 Science and
Technology Enterprises Incubator refers to the scientific and technological
innovation service organization aiming to promote the transfer of scientific
and technological achievements, and to nurture high-tech enterprises and
entrepreneurs. It includes technological innovation service center, university
technology parks, innovation (venture) park for returned overseas students,
software parks and professional technological enterprises incubators.
164 Total income of
enterprises under incubation refers to the sum of various
incomes achieved from technology, industry and trade by the enterprises under
incubation within the statistical year.
165 Persons employed
by enterprises under incubation refer to the total number
of persons employed by the enterprises under incubation at the end date of this
report.
166 Incubated
Enterprises refer to the enterprises realize
independent development after developed to a certain scale so that divorce from
the incubator. (The data of incubated enterprises is only accumulated based on
the data of graduation time, without tracking).
167 Regular Institutions of
Higher Learning refer to educational establishments set
up according to the government evaluation and approval procedures, enrolling
graduates from senior secondary schools via national entrance examination and
providing higher diploma education. They include full time universities,
independent colleges and senior professional schools, senior vocational
universities and other institutions (such as independent institutes, branch
schools and junior colleges).
168 Institutions of Higher
Learning for Adults refer
to educational establishments set up according to the government evaluation and
approval procedures, enrolling personnel with senior secondary school or
equivalent education via national entrance examination and providing higher
diploma education by means of correspondence, part time or full time. They
include workers’ colleges, peasants’ colleges, institutes for administration,
educational colleges, independent correspondence colleges and etc.
169 The number of Full-time
Teachers refers
to the number of personnel engaged in education as full-time teachers,
including those who are temporarily designated (within one year) to assist in
other fields. The former teachers transferred from teaching to undertake
administrative management are excluded.
170 Cultural Institutions refer to units which
have their own organizational system and independent accounting system and
specialize in or serve cultural development. They exclude other establishments run
by these cultural institutions and amateur cultural groups established by
various departments.
171
Art Troupe
refers to
the troupe which is engaged in drama, opera, music, dance, acrobatics or other
art performance, opens independent accounts with banks and has self-supporting
accounting system; excluding the troupes which are engaged partly in industrial
or agricultural activities, partly in art performance and the professional
troupes organized by the people.
172
Number of Spectators at Art Performance refers to
the number of attendants at commercial shows, completely booked shows or free
shows given in minority national areas, and does not include the number of
spectators at rehearsals for examination and internal shows for study.
173 Hospitals refer
to medical institutions with permanent hospital beds, which are able to take in
patients and provide them with
medical and nursing services. Hospitals are classified into three
categories: hospitals at or above the county level, hospitals of rural townships,
and other hospitals. According to their ownership, hospitals can be classified
into three categories: hospitals under the public health departments, hospitals
under industrial and other departments and collective-owned hospitals.
Hospitals at or above county level are divided into comprehensive and
specialized hospitals.
174 Medical Technical
Personnel refers to all medical staff and workers
employed by medical institutions, including doctors of Chinese and Western
medicine, senior doctors who integrate traditional Chinese therapeutics with
Western therapeutics in practice, senior nurses, pharmacists of Chinese and
Western medicine, laboratory specialists, other specialists, paramedics of
Chinese and Western medicine, nurses, midwives, druggists in Chinese and
Western medicine, laboratory technicians, other technicians, other
practitioners of Chinese medicine, nursing attendants, pharmacological workers
of Chinese and Western medicine, laboratory workers, and other primary medical
personnel.
175 Doctors refer to qualified
professional medical workers approved to practice by public health departments.
They are classified into doctors of Chinese medicine, doctors of Western
medicine, senior doctors who integrate traditional Chinese therapeutics with Western
therapeutics in practice, paramedics of Chinese medicine and Western medicine,
and other specialists of Chinese medicine.
176 Number of Athletes in
Grades
refers to the number of athletes who have been given titles through
examination. The titles of athletes include international masters of sports,
masters of sports, first-grade and second-grade.
177 Number of Referees in
Grades
refers to the number of referees who have been given titles after
examination. They are classified as international referees, national referees
and referees of the first, second and third grades.
178 Social Welfare Institutions refer to institutions
taking care of old people without children,handicapped people and orphans. They
include social welfare institutions run by civil affairs departments, children
welfare institutions, social welfare institutions for mental patients, and
collective-owned old peoples homes in rural areas.
179 Number of People Taken
in by Social Welfare Institutions refers to the number of old people,
children, totally dependent handicapped people and mental patients taken in by
social welfare institutions run by civil affairs departments and those run by
collective units in urban and rural areas.
180 Social Welfare
Enterprises are collective owned enterprises which
employ the blind, deafmute, and other handicapped people who are able to work
in cities and towns and enjoy exemption from state taxes, including welfare
plants, welfare commercial services, artificial limb plants and farms, etc.
181 Lawyers are legal workers who are
employed full time by legal counseling firms to act as legal advisers, agents
in criminal or civil lawsuits, or defenders in criminal lawsuits, or to handle
non-litigious legal affairs, to advise on matters of law or to write legal
papers for others. Both full-time and part time lawyers are included.
182 Notary Personnel refers to judicial workers
of the state notary offices handling notarization work according to law. They
include notaries, assistant notaries, and other people working for notary
offices.
183 Notarized Documents refer to the documents
settled by notary offices in a year. The notary documents are drawn up in
accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Justice, including domestic documents
and foreign-related documents. Domestic documents are divided into two major
categories, documents on economic contracts and documents on civil legal
relations.
184 Mediators refer to workers on peoples
mediation committees responsible for mediating in civil disputes and cases of
slight infraction of the law. They include members of the mediation committees
and mediators of mediation groups.
185 Mediation of Civil
Disputes refers to mediation
committees work in mediating in civil disputes concerning civil rights and
duties through persuasion and education in accordance with the provisions of
law on a voluntary basis, so as to solve disputes by helping the parties
involved come to an agreement and understanding. These disputes include divorce
cases and disputes over property ownership, but exclude the civil cases to be
handled by the court.